Differential characteristics of the aging process and the vascular cognitive impairment in the organization of memory retrieval

Cesare, Franco Di; D'Ilario, Daniele; Fioravanti, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.07.042

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Moreover, the aging process is related to cellular functions, and aging attenuated ischemia‐induced angiogenesis . Consistent with these observations, in models of heart disease and both global and focal cerebral ischemia, the prominence of ischemic changes advances with age , as are postischemic behavioral abnormalities . Therefore, using aged animal models of ischemic stroke to assess drugs is essential for the cerebral ischemia research and for clinical translation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Overexpression of Adiponectin Improves Neurobehavioral Outcomes After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Aged Mice

et al. 2013

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Overexpression of Adiponectin Improves Neurobehavioral Outcomes After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Aged Mice

et al. 2013

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“…(, ) and Di Cesare et al . () were excluded from the education meta‐regression because they did not report education of their participant groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuropsychological profile of vascular cognitive impairment not demented: A meta‐analysis

Vasquez

Zakzanis

2014

Journal of Neuropsychology

146

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The most common cause of vascular cognitive impairment not demented (VCIND) is cerebral small vessel disease leading to diffuse subcortical white matter lesions. While many studies indicate that the core cognitive features of VCIND are executive dysfunction and impaired processing speed, this finding is not always consistent, and may be partially dependent on the comparison group applied. Hence, we undertook two systematic meta-analytic reviews on neuropsychological test performance across eight cognitive domains: between VCIND and healthy controls (data from 27 studies), and between VCIND and non-vascular mild cognitive impairment (nv-MCI; data from 20 studies). Our quantitative synthesis of the research literature demonstrates that individuals with VCIND show weaknesses across all cognitive domains relative to healthy controls, with the greatest impairment in the domain of processing speed (Md = -1.36), and the least affected being working memory (Md = -.48) and visuospatial construction (Md = -.63). When compared directly with nv-MCI, individuals with VCIND had significantly greater deficits in processing speed (Md = -.55) and executive functioning (Md = -.40), while those with nv-MCI exhibited a greater relative deficit in delayed memory (Md = .41). Our analyses indicate that disruption to subcortical white matter tracts impairs more cognitive processes than is typically thought to be directly related to the fronto-subcortical network. The data also suggest that differing brain aetiologies can be responsible for similar cognitive profiles. Although the findings do not evince diagnostic value, they allude to the interconnectivity of disparate cognitive processes and call for further research on the behavioural outcome of network disruption.

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“…According to them this decline is attributed to the relationship between this specific ability and EF. The aforementioned conclusion results from the findings of a study ( Di Cesare et al, 2012 ) in which a group of VCI participants, who were outpatients with a positive history of chronic cerebral vascular disorder, were compared with healthy younger and older adults, by means of a serial learning task of concrete frequent words. Similar conclusions were obtained from another study ( Levy and Chelune, 2007 ) in which, groups of participants diagnosed with different dementia types, including VaD, were compared with the use of a battery of tests which are consisted of learning tasks, a verbal memory test, tasks measuring attention and executive functions as well as instruments measuring affect and emotions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Control, Task/Rule Switching, and Cognitive Planning in Vascular Dementia: Are There Any Differences From Vascular Aging?

Pantsiou

Sfakianaki

Papaliagkas

et al. 2018

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Recent studies have shown that patients diagnosed with Vascular Dementia (VaD) exhibit deficits in executive functions. According to “vascular hypothesis of cognitive aging,” community-dwelling older adults having risk factors for vascular disease development (RVD) may suffer from cognitive decline of the same type. The aim of the study was to assess the level of specific executive functions (EF) that have been revealed as most affected by vascular abnormalities, in older adults with incipient VaD and RVD. Subsequently specific ways of EF measuring could be suggested for more accurate diagnosis of early stage VaD. The study compared three adult groups (N = 60): (a) patients diagnosed with incipient VaD, according to DSM-5 criteria (n = 20); (b) community-dwelling older adults presenting cardiovascular risk factors (RVD; n = 20); (c) healthy young adult controls (n = 20). Three types of executive functions were examined: inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility as rule/task switching, and planning. The following D-KEFS subtests were administered for their evaluation: The ‘Color-Word Interference Test,’ the ‘Verbal Fluency Test,’ and the ‘Tower Test.’ Mixed-measures ANOVA, MANOVA, and one-way ANOVA as well as Scheffe post hoc test were applied to the data of the scores in each condition of each test. The results showed that VaD patients had significantly lower performance in test conditions requiring switching and planning, compared to RVD group and young controls. The specific deficits of VaD patients, compared to older adults presenting RVD according to multiple-group path analyses were: more uncorrected errors in inhibition, the use of semantic knowledge primarily instead of switching ability to switch between semantic categories, as well as a lower level of movement precision in planning.

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Differential characteristics of the aging process and the vascular cognitive impairment in the organization of memory retrieval

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Overexpression of Adiponectin Improves Neurobehavioral Outcomes After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Aged Mice

Overexpression of Adiponectin Improves Neurobehavioral Outcomes After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Aged Mice

The neuropsychological profile of vascular cognitive impairment not demented: A meta‐analysis

Inhibitory Control, Task/Rule Switching, and Cognitive Planning in Vascular Dementia: Are There Any Differences From Vascular Aging?

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