Differential diagnosis of PTSD, schizophrenia, and depression with the MMPI-2

Greenblatt, Richard L.; Davis, William E.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4679(199902)55:2<217::aid-jclp9>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This is not surprising, however, since axis one of the DSM system is built up of course of illness and symptoms, deliberately excluding personality organization [47], which is considered in axis two [23]. The finding is also consistent with earlier findings of difficulties in demonstrating personality differences even between different main diagnoses [48,49], but it differs from some previous studies using a five-factor model of personality, which have demonstrated differences between people with schizophrenia and healthy controls [1] and between schizophrenia patients and other diagnoses [50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The influence of temperament and character on functioning and aspects of psychological health among people with schizophrenia

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research findings that link personality factors to functioning and symptoms in schizophrenia are inconsistent, and further studies are needed within the area. The purpose of this study was to investigate how personality, as measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), was related to demographic factors, subtypes of diagnoses, level of functioning, and aspects of psychological health, including sense of coherence, perceived control, and self-esteem, among people with schizophrenia. Subjects were 104 individuals, aged 20-55 years, in psychiatric outpatient care. The results indicated that personality was not related to subtypes of diagnoses or demographic characteristics of the respondents, but to level of functioning and all aspects of psychological health. Especially self-directedness distinguished three groups of functioning and was highly correlated with the different aspects of psychological health. The article discusses how knowledge of schizophrenic patients' personality structure might be used for tailoring psychiatric treatments.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The influence of temperament and character on functioning and aspects of psychological health among people with schizophrenia

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The MMPI-2 is the most widely used self-report instrument for the assessment of psychopathology and characterological factors and has been used extensively in neuropsychological evaluations, in part, because it is well suited to identify psychological problems that can produce disturbance in concentration and memory (Archer, Buffington-Vollum, Stendy, & Handel, 2006; Camara, Nathan, & Puente, 2000). Multiple studies have demonstrated that the MMPI-2 is sensitive to the presence of PTSD in veteran populations (Greenblatt & Davis, 1999; Keane, Malloy, & Fairbank, 1984; Lyons & Wheeler-Cox, 1999; Penk, Rierdan, Losardo, & Robinowitz, 2005; Wolf et al, 2008). Elevations on Clinical Scales 2, 7, and 8 have found to be associated with PTSD diagnosis in combat veterans and, more recently, the MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical (RC) scales demonstrated improved discriminant validity over the MMPI-2 clinical scales in identifying combat veterans who met criteria for PTSD (Wolf et al, 2008).…”

Section: Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 and Posttrauma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 Restructured Form in National Guard soldiers screening positive for posttraumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury.

Arbisi

Polusny

Erbes

et al. 2011

Psychological Assessment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2 RF) was administered to 251 National Guard soldiers who had recently returned from deployment to Iraq. Soldiers were also administered questionnaires to identify posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). On the basis of responses to the screening instruments, the National Guard soldiers who produced a valid MMPI-2 RF were classified into four groups: 21 soldiers who screened positive for PTSD only, 33 soldiers who screened positive for mTBI only, 9 soldiers who screened positive for both conditions, and 166 soldiers who did not screen positive for either condition. Results showed that the MMPI-2 RF was able to differentiate across the groups with the MMPI-2 RF specific problem scale Anxiety adding incrementally to MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical scales in predicting PTSD. Both MMPI-2 RC1 (Somatic Complaints) and MMPI-2 RF head pain complaints predicted mTBI screen but did not add incrementally to each other. Of note, all of the MMPI-2 RF validity scales associated with overreporting, including Symptom Validity-Revised (FBS-r), were not significantly elevated in the mTBI group. These findings support the use of the MMPI-2 RF in assessing PTSD in non-treatment-seeking veterans. This further suggests that a positive screen for mTBI alone is not associated with significant emotional disturbance.

show abstract

“…Various modal CS codetypes have been reported in samples of individuals with PTSD ranging from 2-8/8-2 (i.e., Depression and Schizophrenia; Fairbank, Keane, & Malloy, 1983; Keane et al, 1984; Munley, Bains, Bloem, & Busby, 1995; Wilson & Walker, 1990), 7-8/8-7 (i.e., Psychasthenia and Schizophrenia; Albrecht et al, 1994; Litz et al, 1991; Wetter, Baer, Berry, Robison, & Sumpter, 1993), to 6-8/8-6 (i.e., Paranoia and Schizophrenia; Mozley, Miller, Weathers, Beckham, & Feldman, 2005). The 46-item PK scale has demonstrated good sensitivity in the classification of individuals with the disorder (e.g., Greenblatt & Davis, 1999; Keane et al, 1984; Munley et al, 1995). It also appears to contribute incrementally, adding an additional 9% of variance beyond RCd in the prediction of PTSD status in a treatment-seeking inpatient sample; however, these results were not replicated in a compensation-seeking veteran sample (Arbisi, McNulty, & Ben-Porath, 2004).…”

Section: The Mmpi–2 In the Assessment Of Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales in the assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid disorders.

Wolf

Miller

Orazem

et al. 2008

Psychological Assessment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined the psychometric properties of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) Restructured Clinical Scales (RCSs) in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) receiving clinical services at Veterans Affairs medical centers. Study 1 included 1,098 men who completed the MMPI-2 and were assessed for a range of psychological disorders via structured clinical interview. Study 2 included 136 women who completed the MMPI-2 and were interviewed with the Clinician Administered Scale for PTSD. The utility of the RCSs was compared to that of the Clinical Scales (CSs) and the Keane PTSD (PK) scale. The RCSs demonstrated good psychometric properties along with patterns of associations with other measures of psychopathology that corresponded to current theory regarding the structure of comorbidity. A notable advantage of the RCSs compared to the MMPI-2 CSs was their enhanced construct validity and clinical utility in the assessment of comorbid internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. The PK scale demonstrated incremental validity in the prediction of PTSD beyond that of the RCSs or CSs. KeywordsMinnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2; Restructured Clinical Scales; posttraumatic stress disorder; internalizing; externalizingThe Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989) is one of the most widely used assessment instruments in mental health and, as such, is often used in the assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Its extensive array of scales, established norms for a range of populations, and unparalleled breadth of research provides a solid foundation from which to evaluate the profiles of individuals with PTSD for clinical description, case conceptualization, and treatment planning purposes. Despite clear strengths, there are psychometric limitations to its main scales, the Clinical Scales (CSs). Within-scale item content is heterogeneous and some scales tap multiple constructs, complicating the interpretation of scale elevations and limiting construct validity (Tellegen et al., 2003). There is considerable item overlap among the CSs, which contributes to artificially inflated intercorrelations (Helmes & Reddon, 1993;Tellegen et al., 2003). This makes it difficult to determine if elevations on multiple scales are indicative of substantive patterns of symptom covariation or simply due to common items. Recently, the MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales (RCSs) were developed to address these issues and to increase the independence of each scale and provide purer, more valid indicators of pathology (Tellegen et al., 2003). This article describes two studies that examined the psychometric properties and diagnostic utility of the RCSs for the assessment of PTSD and comorbid disorders in men Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mark W. Miller, National Center for PTSD (116B-2), VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130. E-mail: mark.m...

show abstract

Differential diagnosis of PTSD, schizophrenia, and depression with the MMPI-2

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

The influence of temperament and character on functioning and aspects of psychological health among people with schizophrenia

The influence of temperament and character on functioning and aspects of psychological health among people with schizophrenia

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 Restructured Form in National Guard soldiers screening positive for posttraumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury.

The MMPI-2 Restructured Clinical Scales in the assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid disorders.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About