Differential drivers of chemical defenses in three widespread pine species along a 1500-m elevational gradient: a test of the elevational gradient in plant defense hypothesis

Ferrenberg, Scott; Langenhan, Joseph M.; Loskot, Steven A.; Rozal, Leonardo M.; Mitton, Jeffry B.

doi:10.7287/peerj.preprints.2733

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 73 publications

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“…These differences indicate that the relationship between resin duct defense and climate likely varies depending on the species and the climatic regions examined. Recent research has observed substantial variation in defense characteristics in pines across sites of differing climate [65] and along elevational gradients [66], but more direct examination with climate across these scales is needed.…”

Section: Defense Relationships With Climate and Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Impacts of Climate and Competition on Large Sugar Pine Growth and Defense in a Fire-Excluded Forest of the Central Sierra Nevada

Slack

Kane

Knapp

et al. 2017

Forests

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Abstract:Many forest ecosystems with a large pine component in the western United States have experienced environmental stress associated with climate change and increased competition with forest densification in the absence of fire. Information on how changes in climate and competition affect carbon allocation to tree growth and defense is needed to anticipate changes to tree vigor and, ultimately, stand structure. This study retrospectively examined the influence of annual climate and competition measures on the growth and defense of 113 large sugar pines (Pinus lambertiana) in a mixed-conifer forest of the central Sierra Nevada of California. We found that growth in large sugar pine was positively associated with higher January temperatures and lower intraspecific competition. Resin duct size was negatively associated with climatic water deficit and total competition, while resin duct area contrastingly showed a positive relationship with total competition. From 1979 to 2012, the rates of growth increased, while resin duct size decreased. Our results suggest that tree vigor measures can respond differently to climate and competition factors that may lead to separate growth and defense trends over time. Stress associated with warmer temperatures and higher competition may distinctly influence individual tree and stand-level vigor with potential implications for future forest dynamics.

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Section: Defense Relationships With Climate and Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%