Differential effect of thermal stress on HSP70 expression, nitric oxide production and cell proliferation among native and crossbred dairy cattle

Differential expression of microRNAs associated with thermal stress in Frieswal (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) crossbred dairy cattle

“…The two major chaperones namely HSP70 and HSP90 are the most important proteins involved during cellular stress in eukaryotic cells (Lindquist 1986;Craven et al 1996). Our earlier reports suggested that HSP70 and HSP90 are differentially expressed in native and crossbred cattle during in vitro or in vivo thermal stress (Deb et al 2014;Bhanuprakash et al 2016). Induction of these two specific heat shock proteins at mRNA level in non-stressed and heat-stressed cells was investigated, and the results indicated that both the HSP transcripts were differentially expressed during elevated temperature.…”

“…Similarly, miR-181b is associated with stress and immune response in Holstein cattle (Zheng et al 2014). Numerous studies pointed out that there is an important relationship between the family of heat shock proteins and the heat stress response (McConnell et al 2014;Deb et al 2014;Bhanuprakash et al 2016;Zhao et al 2016). Functional analysis of gene targets revealed that several target genes of selected miRNAs are involved in the stress response and oxidative stress.…”

“…A diluted 1:10 solution of the cDNA was used for quantification using real-time qPCR (Step One, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The primer sequences for HSP70, HSP90, and beta-actin gene (endogenous control) reported in our earlier studies (Deb et al 2014;Bhanuprakash et al 2016) were used for the present study also. The reaction was conducted in a final reaction volume of 10 μl using the SYBR Green® PCR Master Mix kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), according to manufacturer instructions.…”

“…Multiple protein and signaling mechanisms are involved in stress response pathways. Heat shock proteins and molecular chaperones have been described as primary elements in cellular stress responses (Lindquist and Craig 1988;Hansen 2004;Lacetera et al 2006;Paula-Lopes et al 2003;Deb et al 2014;Bhanuprakash et al 2016;Sengar et al 2017). Heat stressinduced genome wide expression studies indicated the involvement of multiple genes in stress response pathways (Mehla et al 2014), and the transcriptional activation of genes by major factors such as hypoxia-inducing factors (HIFs) during oxidative stress and heat shock factors (HSF) during heat shock response was noted.…”

Assessment of heat stress induced alterations in polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell activity in native and crossbred cows

“…In our investigation, as animals are exposed to natural climatic conditions and the PBMC were isolated and cultured in vitro, we observed that In vivo heat stress is accountable for a decline of in vitro neutrophil phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation in crossbred cattle (Group III), whereas, in native cattle (Group I & II) even though there is decrease in neutrophil phagocytosis during summer there is no significant difference (p > 0.05) in LPA values, between summer and winter. The discrepancy between the study groups could be due to variation in breed of experimental animals, and it may be suggested that rising body temperatures during thermal stress might not be linked with the same degree of immune cell efficiency amendment in the three breeds (Bhanuprakash et al 2016). Thus the present study indicated that the impairment of cellular functions might initiate at a different level of thermal stress in the proposed breeds.…”