Differential effects of amphetamine on food and water intake in rats with lateral hypothalamic lesions.

Carlisle, Harry J.

doi:10.1037/h0048203

Cited by 81 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…AMPH results in increased locomotion, decreased food consumption, and a negative energy balance (Walters et al, 2012) which has been linked to the lateral hypothalamus (LH) (Carlisle, 1964; Russek et al, 1973). Animal studies support the notation that LH-innervating NE and DA fiber systems but not SE fibers are involved in the anorectic effect of AMPH (Ahlskog, 1974; Carey, 1976; Carey and Goodall, 1975; Carlisle and Reynolds, 1961; Samanin et al, 1975).…”

Section: Anorectic Effect Of Amphetamines and Neurophysiological Mecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Khat use and appetite: An overview and comparison of amphetamine, khat and cathinone

Lemieux

Al’Absi

2015

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Ethnopharmacological relevance To understand the role of khat (Catha edulis) use on the aberrations in appetite and weight which are common comorbidities for khat and other amphetamine users. Materials and methods We provide a comprehensive overview and conceptual summary of the historical cultural use of khat as a natural stimulant and describe the similarities and differences between cathinone (the main psychoactive constituent of khat) and amphetamine highlighting the limited literature on the neurophysiology of appetite and subsequent weight effects of khat. Results Animal and some human studies indicate that khat produces appetite suppression, although little is known about mechanisms of this effect. Both direct and indirect effects of khat stem from multiple factors including behavioral, chemical and neurophysiological effects on appetite and metabolism. Classic and newly identified appetite hormones have not been explored sufficiently in the study of appetite and khat use. Unique methodological challenges and opportunities are encountered when examining effects of khat and cathinone including khat-specific medical comorbidities, unique route of administration, differential patterns of behavioral effects relative to amphetamines and the nascent state of our understanding of the neurobiology of this drug. Conclusion A considerable amount of work remains in the study of the appetite effects of khat chewing and outline a program of research that could inform our understanding of this natural amphetamine’s appetite effects and help prepare health care workers for the unique health effects of this drug.

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Section: Anorectic Effect Of Amphetamines and Neurophysiological Mecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Khat use and appetite: An overview and comparison of amphetamine, khat and cathinone

Lemieux

Al’Absi

2015

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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“…While the reduction in feeding by rats following dorsomedial amygdala damage appears to be food·deprivation dependent (Cole, 1974), the similar attenuation of the anorexigenic properties of amphetamine following recovery from dorsomedial amygdala lesions (Cole, 1973) and from lateral hypothalamic lesions (Carlisle, 1964) suggests that adrenergic processes underlie the regulation of feeding in both areas.…”

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confidence: 99%

Dorsomedial amygdala damage: A time-after-surgery assessment of feeding

Cole

1977

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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The food consumption of Charles River male rats with dorsomedial amygdala lesions was compared with sham operates and normal controls on four tests spanning a 65-day postsurgery period. Following 24-h food deprivation (18-and 65-day postsurgery tests), lesioned animals ate significantly less than the other two groups (p < .01). Although 24-h food and water deprivation (35-and 50-day postsurgery tests) increased the absolute level of food consumption in all groups, the relative magnitude of the feeding deficit in lesioned animals remained approximately the same (p < .01). The results suggest that hypotheses which stress the "temporary deficit" nature of lesion effects do not adequately explain the changes in feeding following dorsomedial amygdala damage.Changes in feeding behavior after amygdala damage are well documented, with destruction of dorsomedial regions decreasing food consumption (Cole, 1974; F onberg, 1966) and destruction of more basolateral sites increasing food consumption (Fonberg, 1968). While the reduction in feeding by rats following dorsomedial amygdala damage appears to be food·deprivation dependent (Cole, 1974), the similar attenuation of the anorexigenic properties of amphetamine following recovery from dorsomedial amygdala lesions (Cole, 1973) and from lateral hypothalamic lesions (Carlisle, 1964) suggests that adrenergic processes underlie the regulation of feeding in both areas.Evidence suggesting that amygdala damage also alters the subject's sensitivity or responsiveness to environmental stimuli (Nauta, 1963;Sclafani, Belluzzi, & Grossman, 1970;White, 1971) raises the question as to whether these changes in feeding are due to a temporary deficit in responding to stimulus properties of food or represent more stable changes in feeding. Also, Turner (1973) has indicated that medial amygdala lesions produce a rather extensive "sensorimotor syndrome ," characterized by visual and olfactory unre· sponsiveness, absent or sluggish visual and proprioceptive placing, forelimb disuse, and inability to make localized and conditioned responses to somatosensory stimuli. Since recovery from the "sensorimotor syndrome" appears to take place within 10 to 22 days (Turner, 1973), any general effects of such a deficit on feeding behavior should be only temporary.As a means of determining whether changes in feeding following dorsomedial amygdala damage are temporary (and therefore possibly due to transitory deficits) or more stable, the present study reports a preliminary assessment of lesion effects extending over a 65-day postsurgery period. While the first test was conducted toward the end of the proposed "sensorimotor syndrome" period, the other three tests extended well beyond the period where temporary deficits provide a viable explanation of fmdings. METHOD SUbjectsSix amygdala lesion, six sham-operate, and six normal control male Charles River rats were subjects. At the time of surgery, the animals were 120-130 days of age, with body weights ranging from 350450 g. They were housed individually in...

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“…Bilateral lesions in the lateral hypothalamus attenuated the effect of amphetamine on food intake in rats (Carlisle, 1964;Russek^ al., 1973;Blundell and Leshem, 1974). Bilateral lesions in the lateral hypothalamus attenuated the effect of amphetamine on food intake in rats (Carlisle, 1964;Russek^ al., 1973;Blundell and Leshem, 1974).…”

Section: Phenethylaminesmentioning

confidence: 99%