Differential effects of childhood abuse and neglect: Mediation by posttraumatic distress in neurotic disorder and negative symptoms in schizophrenia?

Vogel, Matthias; Meier, Johanna; Grönke, Stephanie; Waage, Marco; Schneider, Wolfgang; Freyberger, Harald J.; Klauer, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.01.008

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…However, the study sample consisted of chronic patients with schizophrenia; therefore, it is difficult to generalize their findings to FES group. 33 On the other hand, all subscale scores and the weighted total score was correlated with positive symptoms in FES group. Our findings suggest that traumatic life events have an impact on the positive symptoms, as stated in our previous study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The history of childhood trauma among individuals with ultra high risk for psychosis is as common as among patients with first‐episode schizophrenia

Şahin

Yüksel

Güler³

et al. 2013

Early Intervention Psych

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The history of childhood trauma among individuals with ultra high risk for psychosis is as common as among patients with first‐episode schizophrenia

Şahin

Yüksel

Güler³

et al. 2013

Early Intervention Psych

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“…§ar et al (2010 have similarly reported significant associations between childhood trauma, concurrent dissociation, secondary features of DID, and increased first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia among a random sample of 70 patients with chronic psychosis. Likewise, strong correlations between measures of dissociative and psychotic experience have been confirmed in clinical (e.g., Kilcommons & Morrison, 2005;Schäfer, Reitmeier, Langer, Aderhold, & Harfst, 2008;Vogel et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2010) and nonclinical populations (e.g., Giesbrecht, Merckelbach, Kater, & Sluis, 2007;Kilcommons, Morrison, Knight, & Lobban, 2008;Moskowitz, Barker-CoUo, & Ellson, 2005;Pope & Kwapil, 2000).…”

Section: Reintegrating Psychosis and Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Dissociation, trauma, and the role of lived experience: Toward a new conceptualization of voice hearing.

Longden¹,

Madill

Waterman

2012

Psychological Bulletin

196

151

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Voice hearing (VH) is often regarded as pathognomic for schizophrenia. The purpose of this article is to review and integrate historical, clinical, epidemiological, and phenomenological evidence in order to suggest that VH may be more appropriately understood as a dissociative rather than a psychotic phenomenon. First, we discuss the lifetime prevalence of VH in the general population, which is estimated to range between 1% and 16% for adult nonclinical populations and 2% and 41% in healthy adolescent samples. Second, we demonstrate how the ubiquity of VH phenomenology, including variables like voice location, content, and frequency, limits its diagnostic and prognostic utility for differentiating psychotic from trauma-spectrum and nonclinical populations. Finally, we report on the empirical associations between VH, measures of dissociation, and trauma particularly (though not exclusively) childhood sexual abuse. There are 2 main conclusions from this review. First, we argue that available evidence suggests that VH experiences, including those in the context of psychotic disorders, can be most appropriately understood as dissociated or disowned components of the self (or self-other relationships) that result from trauma, loss, or other interpersonal stressors. Second, we provide a rationale for clinicians to use psychotherapeutic methods for integrating life events as precipitating and/or maintaining factors for distressing voices. Potential mechanisms for the relationship between trauma, dissociation, VH, and clinical diagnosis are described, including the relevance of literature from the field of attachment in providing a diathesis for dissociation. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.

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“…This is because it has a detrimental impact on the integration of sensory-perceptual processes, and so may result in intrusions into consciousness (Brown, 2006). The role of dissociation in intrusive anomalous experiences is supported by observed correlations between depersonalization/derealization and hallucinatory experiences (Vogel et al, 2011; Alderson-Day et al, 2014; Pilton et al, 2015), its mediation of the relationship between childhood trauma and hallucinations (Perona-Garcelán et al, 2012; Varese et al, 2012a; Hardy et al, 2016) and its prediction of hallucinations in the flow of daily life (Udachina et al, 2014). …”

Section: A Model Of Posttraumatic Stress In Psychosismentioning

confidence: 95%

Pathways from Trauma to Psychotic Experiences: A Theoretically Informed Model of Posttraumatic Stress in Psychosis

2017

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In recent years, empirical data and theoretical accounts relating to the relationship between childhood victimization and psychotic experiences have accumulated. Much of this work has focused on co-occurring Posttraumatic Stress Disorder or putative causal mechanisms in isolation from each other. The complexity of posttraumatic stress reactions experienced in psychosis remains poorly understood. This paper therefore attempts to synthesize the current evidence base into a theoretically informed, multifactorial model of posttraumatic stress in psychosis. Three trauma-related vulnerability factors are proposed to give rise to intrusions and to affect how people appraise and cope with them. First, understandable attempts to survive trauma become habitual ways of regulating emotion, manifesting in cognitive-affective, behavioral and interpersonal responses. Second, event memories, consisting of perceptual and episodic representations, are impacted by emotion experienced during trauma. Third, personal semantic memory, specifically appraisals of the self and others, are shaped by event memories. It is proposed these vulnerability factors have the potential to lead to two types of intrusions. The first type is anomalous experiences arising from emotion regulation and/or the generation of novel images derived from trauma memory. The second type is trauma memory intrusions reflecting, to varying degrees, the retrieval of perceptual, episodic and personal semantic representations. It is speculated trauma memory intrusions may be experienced on a continuum from contextualized to fragmented, depending on memory encoding and retrieval. Personal semantic memory will then impact on how intrusions are appraised, with habitual emotion regulation strategies influencing people’s coping responses to these. Three vignettes are outlined to illustrate how the model accounts for different pathways between victimization and psychosis, and implications for therapy are considered. The model is the first to propose how emotion regulation and autobiographical memory may lead to a range of intrusive experiences in psychosis, and therefore attempts to explain the different phenomenological associations observed between trauma and intrusions. However, it includes a number of novel hypotheses that require empirical testing, which may lead to further refinement. It is anticipated the model will assist research and practice, in the hope of supporting people to manage the impact of victimization on their lives.

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Differential effects of childhood abuse and neglect: Mediation by posttraumatic distress in neurotic disorder and negative symptoms in schizophrenia?

Cited by 51 publications

References 49 publications

The history of childhood trauma among individuals with ultra high risk for psychosis is as common as among patients with first‐episode schizophrenia

The history of childhood trauma among individuals with ultra high risk for psychosis is as common as among patients with first‐episode schizophrenia

Dissociation, trauma, and the role of lived experience: Toward a new conceptualization of voice hearing.

Pathways from Trauma to Psychotic Experiences: A Theoretically Informed Model of Posttraumatic Stress in Psychosis

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