Differential effects of chronic propranolol treatment on the phenotypic profile of thymocytes from immature and adult rats

Leposavić, Gordana; Plećaš, B.; Kosec, Duško

doi:10.1016/s0162-3109(99)00160-5

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Second, it has been demonstrated that GnRH (1) is synthesised locally in the thymus, (2) its thymic level increases following castration [181] and (3) it is involved in regulation of T cell development [182,183] . Third, it has been revealed that (1) androgens influence CA levels in the thymus [37,38,184] and (2) CAs exert fine tuning of thymopoiesis via ␤ -adrenoceptor-dependent mechanisms [45,46] .…”

Section: Androgen Effects On Thymusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that (1) gonadal steroids influence both catecholamine (CA) levels in the thymic cells [36][37][38] and ␤ -adrenoceptor expression on thymic cells [39][40][41] , (2) noradrenaline (NA) levels in rodent thymi increase with age [42][43][44] , so that they have been implicated in controlling thymic involution, and (3) long-lasting blockade of ␤ -as well as ␣ -adrenoceptors most likely affecting distinct developmental steps have a beneficial effect on T cell generation by rat and murine thymus [45][46][47][48][49] , the CAadrenoceptor system has been identified as a putative target for an indirect gonadal steroid hormone action on the thymus. Thus, it seems clear that understanding gonadal steroid hormone role in thymic involution also requires knowledge of mechanisms underlying CA action on the thymus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-Associated Remodeling of Thymopoiesis: Role for Gonadal Hormones and Catecholamines

Leposavić

Perišić

2008

Neuroimmunomodulation

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The present review summarizes recent data on age-related thymic changes termed thymic involution, and highlights the putative role of perturbances in extrathymical and, possibly, intrathymical production of gonadal steroids and catecholamines in this process. Thymic involution has been envisaged as an extremely complex process involving multifactorial mechanisms along the bone marrow-thymic axis that accounts for the major manifestations of immunosenescence. These mechanisms include basic cell aging processes (for example, cell replication and programmed cell death) and processes unique to the immune system (such as generation of the T cell receptor repertoire and control of potentially autoreactive cells). Given that the onset of age-associated thymic involution coincides with the rise in gonadal steroid levels at puberty, a causal link between these events has been suggested. It has been shown that: (1) peripubertal gonadectomy causes substantial decrease in the level of noradrenaline in adult male and female thymus and (2) catecholamines, acting via α- and β-adrenoceptor, produce suppressive effects on the thymic cellularity and production of both effector and regulatory T cells. Furthermore, the possibility that gonadal steroids contribute to thymic involution is discussed in this paper. In light of recent data indicating that effects of gonadal hormone deprivation on the thymic cellularity and function are long lasting but transitory, a putative role for the intrathymic sex steroid/catecholamine production in assuring the organ involution, under conditions of their limited supply by extrathymic sources, is also considered.

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Section: Androgen Effects On Thymusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Associated Remodeling of Thymopoiesis: Role for Gonadal Hormones and Catecholamines

Leposavić

Perišić

2008

Neuroimmunomodulation

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“…Os corpúsculos tímicos denominados de corpúsculos de Hassals foram localizados em todas as faixas etárias estudadas, tendo célu-las epiteliais dispostas concentricamente, como já relatado por Getty (1986) e Banks (1992. Vizi et al (1995), Leposavić et al (2000), Savino & Dardene (2000) e Solarović et al (2004) descreveram que a inervação dos órgãos linfóides, as interações entre os microambientes do timo e o desenvolvimento de células T, o qual é coordenado pelo sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) e neuroendócrino, embora não tenham sido o objeto de estudo direto deste trabalho pode ser que possíveis alterações métricas do órgão, quando comparamos machos e fêmeas, podem ter sido ocasionados por influência do sistema neuroendócrino.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Aspectos morfométricos do timo em gatos domésticos (Felis domesticus)

et al. 2012

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 32(Supl. The thymus is a primary lymphatic organ that develops its activity in young organisms. But despite its function is fundamental mechanisms responsible for the acquisition and subsequent body defenses, it is not yet fully understood, neither the morphological basis accounting for such functions as the process of development and the organ involution. The objective was to analyze and characterize the morphology of the thymus, such as its size and volume, and histological aspects of the thymus in cats, correlating sex and age development. Twelve foetus of mongrel domestic cats (Felis domesticus), males and females, divided into three age groups. The thymus presented two parts with a pale pink color, the thoracic and cervical portion; each has a right lobe and a left lobe mostly. The thoracic portion was located in the region of cranial mediastinum, between the lungs and the heart base. And the cervical portion extended beyond the ribs cranially and is located ventral to the trachea. The thymus cellular structure was shown by the presence of organized concentric aggregates, named Hassall's corpuscles, formed by epithelial cells, supported by a connective tissue capsule that penetrated the parenchyma dividing it into lobules. Significant changes with number of lobes and thymus size between individuals of the same age, and between sex. The values for length, thickness and width, in general, showed an increase, according to the development of animals, with differences between sex.INDEX TERMS: Thymus, morphometry, linfoid organ, T lymphocyte, Felis domesticus cats.

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“…The putative candidates are: LH [57][58][59], glucocorticoids [41] and noradrenaline [60][61][62][63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Androgenization Affects the Intrathymic T-Cell Maturation in Rats

Leposavić

Pejčić-Karapetrović

Kosec

2005

Neuroimmunomodulation

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The thymus structure, expression of CD4/CD8/TCRαβ on thymocytes and thymocyte proliferative and apoptotic indexes were analyzed in sexually immature 30-day-old and in sexually mature 60-day-old female rats neonatally androgenized (NA) by subcutaneous injection of 500 µg testosterone propionate/day on days 1–3 and in their vehicle-administered counterparts. The treatment affected normal thymus development. Thus, at 30 days of age, there was a reduction in the thymus weight, reflecting a decrease in the main thymic compartments. However, at 60 days of age, thymus weight did not significantly differ from that in age-matched controls, since the cortical volume enlargement was followed by a proportional decrease in the medullary volume. In rats of both ages, the changes in thymic compartments most likely reflected alterations in the size of both lymphoid and nonlymphoid components. Furthermore, in NA rats, substantial changes in thymocyte phenotypic characteristics were registered, in spite of their age. In both groups of NA rats, a decrease in the relative proportion of the least mature CD4–8–TCRαβ– cells and in that of CD4+8– TCRαβ–/TCRαβ^low cells followed by an increase in the percentage of their successor CD4+8+TCRαβ–/TCRαβ^low cells was detected. In addition, in 30-day-old NA rats, the relative proportions of CD4+8+TCRαβ^high cells (just positively selected) and that of mature single positive (CD4+8– and CD4–8+) and CD4–8– double negative TCRαβ^high cells, were reduced, while in 60-day-old NA rats only the percentage of CD4+8+TCRαβ^high thymocytes was decreased. Thus, the study showed that the changes in the development of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis induced by neonatal androgenization may affect the thymus development and intrathymic T-cell maturation.

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Differential effects of chronic propranolol treatment on the phenotypic profile of thymocytes from immature and adult rats

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

Age-Associated Remodeling of Thymopoiesis: Role for Gonadal Hormones and Catecholamines

Age-Associated Remodeling of Thymopoiesis: Role for Gonadal Hormones and Catecholamines

Aspectos morfométricos do timo em gatos domésticos (Felis domesticus)

Neonatal Androgenization Affects the Intrathymic T-Cell Maturation in Rats

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