Differential Effects of Fatty Acids and Exercise on Body Weight Regulation and Metabolism in Female Wistar Rats

Jen, K-L. Catherine; Buison, Anne; Pellizzon, Michael; Ordiz, Frank; Ana, Lardo Santa; Brown, J.C.

doi:10.1177/15353702-0322807-10

Cited by 22 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In summary, we observed that in normal Wistar rats, SO treatment induces insulin resistance and islet insulin secretion failure, which is in accordance with previous studies [2,20,34,35]. Furthermore, the impairment of GSIS observed (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Lipids based on soybean oil (SO) are traditionally used as nutritional support for surgical or critical patients [31,32]. Some studies with normal rats on a SO diet reported an increase in body weight and fat gain as well as an impairment of glucose tolerance [33] and insulin resistance [34,35]. However, a rise of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was also observed [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, SO is a vegetal oil rich in antioxidants. This property has been explored and discussed in studies of oxidative stress [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soybean oil treatment impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and changes fatty acid composition of normal and diabetic islets

et al. 2007

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We investigated the effect of sub-chronic soybean oil (SO) treatment on the insulin secretion and fatty acid composition of islets of Langerhans obtained from Goto-Kakizaki (GK), a model of type 2 diabetes, and normal Wistar rats. We observed that soybean-treated Wistar rats present insulin resistance and defective islet insulin secretion when compared with untreated Wistar rats. The decrease in insulin secretion occurred at all concentrations of glucose and arginine tested. Furthermore we observed that soybean-treated normal islets present a significant decrease in two saturated fatty acids, myristic and heneicosanoic acids, and one monounsaturated eicosenoic acid, and the appearance of the monounsaturated erucic acid. Concerning diabetic animals, we observed that soybean-treated diabetic rats, when compared with untreated GK rats, present an increase in plasma non-fasting free fatty acids, an exacerbation of islet insulin secretion impairment in all conditions tested and a significant decrease in the monounsaturated palmitoleic acid. Altogether our results show that SO treatment results in a decrease of insulin secretion and alterations on fatty acid composition in normal and diabetic islets. Furthermore, the impairment of insulin secretion, islet erucic acid and fasting plasma insulin levels are similar in treated normal and untreated diabetic rats, suggesting that SO could have a deleterious effect on β-cell function and insulin sensitivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soybean oil treatment impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and changes fatty acid composition of normal and diabetic islets

et al. 2007

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“…Greater leptin levels were found in weanling C57BL/J6 male mice fed high-fat diets (at 58 % of energy) based on beef tallow for 7 weeks than mice fed high-fat diets based on fish oil, safflower-seed oil or animals fed low-fat diets (at 10 % of energy); leptin levels were correlated with body fat as well (60) . Similar results were found in other studies (102,188) .…”

Section: Hormonessupporting

confidence: 93%

High-fat diet-induced obesity in animal models

2010

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Epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between dietary fat intake and obesity. Since rats and mice show a similar relationship, they are considered an appropriate model for studying dietary obesity. The present paper describes the history of using high-fat diets to induce obesity in animals, aims to clarify the consequences of changing the amount and type of dietary fats on weight gain, body composition and adipose tissue cellularity, and explores the contribution of genetics and sex, as well as the biochemical basis and the roles of hormones such as leptin, insulin and ghrelin in animal models of dietary obesity. The major factors that contribute to dietary obesity -hyperphagia, energy density and post-ingestive effects of the dietary fat -are discussed. Other factors that affect dietary obesity including feeding rhythmicity, social factors and stress are highlighted. Finally, we comment on the reversibility of high-fat diet-induced obesity.

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“…For example, forced treadmill running, water immersion and so on. 10,11 are perceived as psychological stress, 12 which may complicate interpretation of results. A preferred method is the use of running wheels in which rodents can run voluntarily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and behavioral responses to high-fat feeding in mice selectively bred for high wheel-running activity

et al. 2008

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Objective: Increased dietary fat intake is a precipitating factor for the development of obesity and associated metabolic disturbances. Physically active individuals generally have a reduced risk of developing these unhealthy states, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) on obesity development and fuel homeostasis in male and female mice with a trait for increased physical activity and in their controls. Methods: Male and female mice selectively bred for a high level of wheel running behavior over 30 generations and nonselected controls (background strain Hsd:ICR) were maintained on a standard lab chow high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) or on an HFD (60% fat). Food intake, body weight, indirect calorimetry parameters, spontaneous locomotor activity and several hormones relevant to metabolism and energy balance were measured. Results: On HFD, mice reduced food intake and increased body fat mass and plasma leptin levels, with the notable exception of the selected females, which increased their ingested calories without any effects on body mass or plasma leptin levels. In addition, they had an elevated daily energy expenditure (DEE), increased spontaneous cage activity (B700% relative to controls) and higher resting metabolic rate (RMR) on the HFD compared with feeding the HCD. The selected males also had a higher DEE compared with controls, but no interaction with diet was observed. On HCD, adiponectin levels were higher in selected male, but not female, mice relative to controls. A marked increase in the level of plasma adiponectin was observed on the HFD in selected females, an effect of diet that was not observed in selected males. Conclusion: Genetically based high locomotor activity renders female, but not male, mice resistant to HFD-induced obesity by alterations in behavioral, endocrine and metabolic traits that facilitate fat utilization rather than limiting HFD intake. International Journal of Obesity (2008) IntroductionObesity is becoming an increasingly prevalent health problem among individuals in affluent societies, because it is often associated with metabolic derangements such as impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity. When these metabolic abnormalities are displayed in concert (often referred to as the 'metabolic syndrome'), they have a high risk of developing into life-threatening conditions such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus type 2 (for review, see Moller and Kaufman 1 ). Consensus exists that increased dietary fat intake in combination with a sedentary lifestyle are precipitating factors (World Health Organization), 2 but the underlying endocrine and metabolic mechanisms are poorly understood.A major part of the current knowledge on the etiology of obesity and the metabolic syndrome has come from studies on rodents subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD). [3][4][5][6][7] In particular, the use of selectively bred and geneticall...

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Differential Effects of Fatty Acids and Exercise on Body Weight Regulation and Metabolism in Female Wistar Rats

Cited by 22 publications

References 46 publications

Soybean oil treatment impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and changes fatty acid composition of normal and diabetic islets

Soybean oil treatment impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and changes fatty acid composition of normal and diabetic islets

High-fat diet-induced obesity in animal models

Metabolic and behavioral responses to high-fat feeding in mice selectively bred for high wheel-running activity

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