Differential effects of gender and patient background diversity on the changes in metabolic and biophysical profiles in people with type-2 diabetes from different ethnicities who fast during Ramadan (H1439); a prospective study from Qatar

Dabbous, Zeinab; Bashir, Mohammed; Elzouki, Abdel-Naser; Ahmed, Mustafa S; Farouk, Seleena; Hassanien, Mohammed; Malik, Rayaz A.; Samra, Abdul B. Abou; Elhadd, Tarik

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.03.032

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Moreover, our study indicates that Ramadan fasting neither worsens a patient's glycemic parameters nor improves it, with the exception of a slight improvement in HbA1c in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy controls. The latter is in agreement with previous studies showing decreased HbA1c in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy individuals [ 16 , 67 , 71 – 73 ]. However, a single study showed that HbA1c was not remarkably affected by Ramadan fasting [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…However, a recent study suggested that reported weight changes with Ramadan in other studies are more likely to be due to differences in food intake and might be suggestive of a shift towards fat rather than carbohydrate as source of fuel during Ramadan [13] Moreover, consistent with previous studies, our results also showed no difference in waist circumference [16] and blood pressure [30] in Type 2 DM. However, an earlier study [53,73] showed that blood pressure decreased during Ramadan as compared to before Ramadan, whereas a more recent study concluded that Ramadan fasting increased blood pressure in Type 2 diabetic patients [84]. On the other hand, a significant decrease was reported in the waist circumference of patients with Type 2 DM [84], metabolic syndrome [12], and in healthy controls [69] during Ramadan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, consistent with previous studies, our results also showed no difference in waist circumference [ 16 ] and blood pressure [ 30 ] in Type 2 DM. However, an earlier study [ 53 , 73 ] showed that blood pressure decreased during Ramadan as compared to before Ramadan, whereas a more recent study concluded that Ramadan fasting increased blood pressure in Type 2 diabetic patients [ 84 ]. On the other hand, a significant decrease was reported in the waist circumference of patients with Type 2 DM [ 84 ], metabolic syndrome [ 12 ], and in healthy controls [ 69 ] during Ramadan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Abdullah

Al‐Habori

Al-Eryani

2020

BioMed Research International

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Background. In view of the association of Ramadan intermittent fasting with profound changes in lifestyle both in nondiabetic and diabetic patients, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ramadan fasting on adiponectin, leptin and leptin to adiponectin ratio (LAR), growth hormone (GH), human-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and diabetic and metabolic syndrome factors in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM), their first-degree relatives (FDRs), and healthy controls. Methods. This cohort study involved 98 Yemeni male subjects aged 30-70 years old: 30 Type 2 DM, 37 FDRs of Type 2 diabetic patients, and 31 healthy control subjects. Subjects’ body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP) were measured, and venous blood samples were collected twice: the first samples were collected a couple of days prior to Ramadan fasting (baseline) and the second samples after 3 weeks of fasting. Results. Ramadan fasting did not affect BMI, WC, and BP in Type 2 DM and their FDRs with respect to the baseline levels prior to Ramadan, whereas triglyceride and cholesterol were borderline significantly decreased in Type 2 DM with no effect in FDRs. Fasting blood glucose was not affected in Type 2 DM but was significantly increased in FDRs and control groups, whereas glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was slightly decreased in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy controls. C-peptide, insulin, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly increased in Type 2 DM and FDRs, with no effect in the control group, whereas β-cell function (HOMA-β) was significantly decreased in FDRs and controls with no change in Type 2 DM. Ramadan fasting significantly decreased GH in both FDRs and control groups, and significantly increased hs-CRP in the control with no effect in Type 2 DM and FDRs. Adiponectin was significantly decreased, and leptin and LAR were significantly increased in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and control groups. Conclusion. Ramadan intermittent fasting decreased adiponectin and increased leptin, LAR, insulin, and insulin resistance in both Type 2 DM and FDRs as well as decreased GH in both FDRs and healthy controls and increased hs-CRP in healthy controls. Moreover, Ramadan intermittent fasting neither worsens a patient’s glycemic parameters nor improves it, with the exception of a slight improvement in HbA1c in Type 2 DM, FDRs, and healthy controls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Abdullah

Al‐Habori

Al-Eryani

2020

BioMed Research International

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“…In addition to the weight loss effects, periodic fasting is associated with several metabolic benefits, including the improvement of lipid profiles [27]. This has been also shown for intermittent fasting, e.g., Ramadan fasting [35]. The key mechanism responsible for many of these beneficial effects is the metabolic switch from the utilization of glycogenolysis-derived glucose to fatty acids and fatty acid-derived ketones, i.e., a fundamental switch from lipid synthesis and fat storage to mobilization of fat in the form of free fatty acids and fatty acid-derived ketones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Periodic Fasting on Fatty Liver Index—A Prospective Observational Study

et al. 2019

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This prospective observational trial investigated effects and safety of periodic fasting in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The primary end point was set as the change of fatty liver index (FLI) as a surrogate parameter of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Six-hundred and ninety-seven subjects (38 with T2DM) were enrolled. A baseline FLI ≥ 60 (the threshold for fatty liver) was found in 264 subjects (37.9%). The mean duration of fasting was 8.5 ± 4.0 days (range 6–38). FLI decreased significantly (−14.02 ± 11.67; p < 0.0001), with a larger effect in individuals with T2DM (−19.15 ± 11.0; p < 0.0001; p = 0.002 compared to non-diabetic subjects). Body mass index (BMI) decreased by −1.51 ± 0.82 kg/m2, and 49.9% of the subjects lost ≥5% body weight. After fasting, nearly half of the 264 subjects with FLI ≥ 60 (highest risk category) shifted to a lower category. The improvement of FLI correlated with the number of fasting days (r = −0.20, p < 0.0001) and with the magnitude of BMI reduction (r = 0.14, p = 0.0001). Periodic fasting with concomitant weight reduction leads to significant rapid improvement of FLI in subjects with and without T2DM.

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“…A new study assessed changes in 228 patients with type 2 diabetes who were on >3 medications for diabetes before and after Ramadan (59). The study reported a significant decrease in HBA1c [7.8% (62 mmol/mol) vs. 7.6% (60 mmol/mol); p = 0.004] after Ramadan (59).…”

Section: Effects On Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Evidence on the Impact of Ramadan Diurnal Intermittent Fasting, Mealtime, and Circadian Rhythm on Cardiometabolic Risk: A Review

BaHammam

Almeneessier

2020

Front. Nutr.

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Differential effects of gender and patient background diversity on the changes in metabolic and biophysical profiles in people with type-2 diabetes from different ethnicities who fast during Ramadan (H1439); a prospective study from Qatar

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Ramadan Intermittent Fasting Affects Adipokines and Leptin/Adiponectin Ratio in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Their First-Degree Relatives

Effects of Periodic Fasting on Fatty Liver Index—A Prospective Observational Study

Recent Evidence on the Impact of Ramadan Diurnal Intermittent Fasting, Mealtime, and Circadian Rhythm on Cardiometabolic Risk: A Review

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