Differential effects of hot-humid and hot-dry environments on mental functions

Sharma, Vandana; Pichan, G.; Panwar, Mamta

doi:10.1007/bf02226897

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Gopinhathan et al [5] found that, after recovery from exercise in the heat, soldiers demonstrated significant and progressive reduction in the performance of arithmetic ability, short‐term memory, and visuomotor tracking at a body fluid deficit of 2% or more compared to the euhydrated state. Sharma et al [6,7] detected the effects of dehydration at various levels (1, 2, and 3% of body weight deficit) on mental functions of different complexities in adults. They found that, at a 1 % dehydration level, there was only a marginal decline in the mean score of the coordination function, but at the 2 and 3% dehydration level, the performance score was significantly lower compared to the eu‐ and 1 % dehydration level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in a state of dehydration as evidenced by a high urine osmolality (Uosm). Voluntary dehydration has adverse physiological effects [3,4] and may have adverse cognitive effects [5–7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rotshtein et al [10] have found that mild degrees of dehydration cause fatigue, lack of appetite, drowsiness, and reluctance to participate in complex tasks. Heat exposure may have an independent role in the impairment of mental performance [6,7,11]. There are very few reports on the effect of chronic dehydration on mental abilities in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children

2005

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children

2005

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“…High humidity often occurs when temperature is high, and the effects of the two exposures can be difficult to disentangle (Sharma et al 1983). In Germany, Schneider et al (2008b) analyzed the influence of weather parameters [including water vapor pressure (WVP)] on blood pressure, arrhythmia, and ischemia in cardiovascular patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachial Artery Responses to Ambient Pollution, Temperature, and Humidity in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Repeated-Measures Study

Zanobetti¹,

Luttmann‐Gibson²,

Horton

et al. 2014

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Extreme weather and air pollution are associated with increased cardiovascular risk in people with diabetes.Objectives: In a population with diabetes, we conducted a novel assessment of vascular brachial artery responses both to ambient pollution and to weather (temperature and water vapor pressure, a measure of humidity).Methods: Sixty-four 49- to 85-year-old Boston residents with type 2 diabetes completed up to five study visits (279 repeated measures). Brachial artery diameter (BAD) was measured by ultrasound before and after brachial artery occlusion [i.e., flow-mediated dilation (FMD)] and before and after nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD). Ambient concentrations of fine particulate mass (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon, particle number, and sulfate were measured at our monitoring site; ambient concentrations of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone were obtained from state monitors. Particle exposure in the home and during each trip to the clinic (home/trip exposure) was measured continuously and as a 5-day integrated sample. We used linear models with fixed effects for participants, adjusting for date, season, temperature, and water vapor pressure on the day of each visit, to estimate associations between our outcomes and interquartile range increases in exposure.Results: Baseline BAD was negatively associated with particle pollution, including home/trip–integrated BC (–0.02 mm; 95% CI: –0.04, –0.003, for a 0.28 μg/m3 increase in BC), OC (–0.08 mm; 95% CI: –0.14, –0.03, for a 1.61 μg/m3 increase) as well as PM2.5, 5-day average ambient PM2.5, and BC. BAD was positively associated with ambient temperature and water vapor pressure. However, exposures were not consistently associated with FMD or NMD.Conclusion: Brachial artery diameter, a predictor of cardiovascular risk, decreased in association with particle pollution and increased in association with ambient temperature in our study population of adults with type 2 diabetes.Citation: Zanobetti A, Luttmann-Gibson H, Horton ES, Cohen A, Coull BA, Hoffmann B, Schwartz JD, Mittleman MA, Li Y, Stone PH, de Souza C, Lamparello B, Koutrakis P, Gold DR. 2014. Brachial artery responses to ambient pollution, temperature, and humidity in people with type 2 diabetes: a repeated-measures study. Environ Health Perspect 122:242–248; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1206136

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“…20–25 High humidity has been associated with declines in physical and mental capacity, but high humidity often occurs when temperature is high. 26 …”

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confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to Mortality in Weather Extremes

Zanobetti¹,

et al. 2013

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Background Extremes of temperature have been associated with short-term increases in daily mortality. We identified subpopulations with increased susceptibility to dying during temperature extremes, based on personal demographics, small-area characteristics and preexisting medical conditions. Methods We examined Medicare participants in 135 U.S. cities and identified preexisting conditions based on hospitalization records prior to their deaths, from 1985–2006. Personal characteristics were obtained from the Medicare records, and area characteristics were assigned based on zip-code of residence. We conducted a case-only analysis of over 11 million deaths, and evaluated modification of the risk of dying associated with extremely hot days and extremely cold days, continuous temperatures, and water-vapor pressure. Modifiers included preexisting conditions, personal characteristics, zip-code-level population characteristics, and land-cover characteristics. For each effect modifier, a city-specific logistic regression model was fitted and then an overall national estimate was calculated using meta-analysis. Results People with certain preexisting conditions were more susceptible to extreme heat, with an additional 6% (95% confidence interval= 4% – 8%) increase in the risk of dying on an extremely hot day in subjects with previous admission for atrial fibrillation, an additional 8% (4%–12%) in subjects with Alzheimer disease, and an additional 6% (3%–9%) in subjects with dementia. Zip-code level and personal characteristics were also associated with increased susceptibility to temperature. Conclusions We identified several subgroups of the population who are particularly susceptible to temperature extremes, including persons with atrial fibrillation.

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Differential effects of hot-humid and hot-dry environments on mental functions

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children

The effect of voluntary dehydration on cognitive functions of elementary school children

Brachial Artery Responses to Ambient Pollution, Temperature, and Humidity in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Repeated-Measures Study

Susceptibility to Mortality in Weather Extremes

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