Differential effects of olanzapine and clozapine on plasma levels of adipocytokines and total ghrelin

Body and liver fat content and adipokines in schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study

“…In particular, it is well known that second-generation antipsychotics induce significant weight gain due to blocking various neurotransmitter receptors, particularly serotonin and histamine receptors (Kirk et al 2009). Previous studies have reported that dysregulation of adipokines, i.e., adipocyte-derived peptides, is also linked with antipsychotic-induced metabolic abnormalities (Lu et al 2015;Sugai et al 2012). Leptin and adiponectin are key adipokines of interest owing to their critical roles in obesity and body fat distribution (Aye et al 2015;Baptista and Beaulieu 2002;Bredella et al 2011;Hanssens et al 2008).…”

Second-generation antipsychotics and adiponectin levels in schizophrenia: A comparative meta-analysis

“…Eight studies (Bai et al, 2009;Hanssens et al, 2008;Lu et al, 2015;Oral et al, 2011;Oriot et al, 2008;Togo et al, 2004;Tsai et al, 2011;Wampers et al, 2012) met inclusion criteria and were selected for meta-analysis. For two studies (Oral et al, 2011;Oriot et al, 2008), relevant unpublished data on adiponectin levels in patients taking different SGAs were provided by the authors.…”

“…The analysis included four studies (Bai et al, 2009;Hanssens et al, 2008;Lu et al, 2015;Tsai et al, 2011) and 877 individuals, 472 treated with Clozapine and 405 with Olanzapine, respectively. The pooled comparison showed a nonsignificant SMD of 0.03 (95%CI: À0.33, 0.40; p=0.86) (Figure 1).…”

“…The results of the current systematic review and meta-analysis are consistent, apart from Clozapine vs. Olanzapine comparison, showing high heterogeneity (I 2 475%), that is mostly explained by a single study (Bai et al, 2009). This study selected subjects with a significantly lower average duration of treatment with Olanzapine (about 2.5 yrs), as compared with Clozapine (about 5 yrs), possibly explaining differences relative to other studies included in the meta-analysis Lu et al, 2015;Tsai et al, 2011). Further studies comparing individuals with schizophrenia treated with Clozapine and those treated with Olanzapine are needed to confirm similar levels of plasma adiponectin.…”

“…According to relevant pathophysiological models (Kadowaki et al, 2008), hypoadiponectinemia might represent the consequence of interactions between genetic and environmental factors causing weight gain and obesity. However, it has been recently suggested that changes in adiponectin and other adipokines might be the direct effect of antipsychotics on hormonal pathways of energy homeostasis, rather than the result of weight gain (Lu et al, 2015). Adiponectin reduction may therefore represent an early biomarker helpful in monitoring these metabolic dysfunctions (Bai et al, 2007;Mather and Goldberg, 2014).…”