Differential expression and ethylene regulation of β-galactosidase genes and isozymes isolated from avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit

Tateishi, Akira; Shiba, Hiroshi; Ogihara, Jun; Isobe, Katsunori; Nomura, Kazunari; Inoue, Hiroaki

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2007.01.009

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…-Galactosidases are encoded by multigene families in plants (e.g. Smith and Gross 2000;Esteban et al 2005;Mwaniki et al 2005;Tateishi et al 2005Tateishi et al , 2007Ahn et al 2007), with speciWc members involved in speciWc developmental processes. In tomato, a family of sevengalactosidases exhibit diVerential expression in developing and ripening fruit (Smith and Gross 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galactose metabolism in cell walls of opening and senescing petunia petals

O’Donoghue

Somerfield

Watson

et al. 2008

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Galactose was the major non-cellulosic neutral sugar present in the cell walls of 'Mitchell' petunia (Petunia axillaris x P. axillaris x P. hybrida) flower petals. Over the 24 h period associated with flower opening, there was a doubling of the galactose content of polymers strongly associated with cellulose and insoluble in strong alkali ('residual' fraction). By two days after flower opening, the galactose content of both the residual fraction and a Na(2)CO(3)-soluble pectin-rich cell wall fraction had sharply decreased, and continued to decline as flowers began to wilt. In contrast, amounts of other neutral sugars showed little change over this time, and depolymerisation of pectins and hemicelluloses was barely detectable throughout petal development. Size exclusion chromatography of Na(2)CO(3)-soluble pectins showed that there was a loss of neutral sugar relative to uronic acid content, consistent with a substantial loss of galactose from rhamnogalacturonan-I-type pectin. beta-Galactosidase activity (EC 3.2.1.23) increased at bud opening, and remained high through to petal senescence. Two cDNAs encoding beta-galactosidase were isolated from a mixed stage petal library. Both deduced proteins are beta-galactosidases of Glycosyl Hydrolase Family 35, possessing lectin-like sugar-binding domains at their carboxyl terminus. PhBGAL1 was expressed at relatively high levels only during flower opening, while PhBGAL2 mRNA accumulation occurred at lower levels in mature and senescent petals. The data suggest that metabolism of cell wall-associated polymeric galactose is the major feature of both the opening and senescence of 'Mitchell' petunia flower petals.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galactose metabolism in cell walls of opening and senescing petunia petals

O’Donoghue

Somerfield

Watson

et al. 2008

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At least seven β-galactosidase genes are expressed during development and ripening of tomato fruit (Smith and Gross, 2000). A family of β-galactosidase was also reported in strawberry (Trainotti et al, 2001), Japanese pear (Tateishi et al, 2001b(Tateishi et al, , 2005b, avocado (Tateishi et al, 2002(Tateishi et al, , 2007, pear (Pyrus communis) (Mwaniki et al, 2005(Mwaniki et al, , 2007Sekine et al, 2006), and grape (Vitis vinifera) (Nunan et al, 2001). Some gene expressions overlapped.…”

Section: Genes For β-Galactosidasementioning

confidence: 88%

β-Galactosidase and α-L-Arabinofuranosidase in Cell Wall Modification Related with Fruit Development and Softening

Tateishi

2008

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fruit softening and textural changes are two important factors of fruit quality. The loss of galactosyl and arabinosyl residues from cell wall polysaccharides is observed in many fruit species during ripening. The release of neutral sugar residues could change wall polysaccharides properties of accessibility or reactivity for other cell wall hydrolases. β-Galactosidase and α-L-arabinofuranosidase contribute to the loss of neutral sugar residues. Thus, the enzymes alter polysaccharide properties and might contribute to fruit softening or textural changes during ripening. β-Galactosidase is composed of multiple isozymes and they are clearly distinguishable by their substrate specificity and expression pattern of the related gene. A transgenic experiment revealed that a β-galactosidase isozyme plays an important role in tomato fruit softening. In addition to fruit softening, the contribution of β-galactosidase to plant development is also indicated. α-L-Arabinofuranosidase genes constitute a gene family and the isozymes are expressed in various organs and stages. Moreover, several α-L-arabinofuranosidases possess β-xylosidase activity in addition to α-L-arabinofuranosidase activity, therefore, substrate specificity against native polysaccharides is very complex. Arabinose containing polysaccharides seem to contribute to cell to cell adhesion but the crucial roles of α-L-arabinofuranosidase in fruit development or softening remain unclear. Further biochemical and physiological studies of the enzyme are required.

show abstract

“…As a climacteric fruit, avocado ripening is characterized by an increase in the respiration rate accompanied by an increase in ethylene production. Avocado during ripening is characterized by fruit softening [43] due to cell wall dismantling (depolymerization and solubilization) carried out by cellulase, pectin methyl esterase (PME), polugalacturonase (PG), ß-galactosidase, xylanase and xylosidase, enzymes that work in concert or synergistically [44]. In addition, peel color changes in 'Hass' avocados from green to black and synthesis of flavor and aroma compounds take place [2,3].…”

Section: Avocado Fruit Ripening Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with postharvest ripening heterogeneity of ‘Hass’ avocados (Persea americanaMill)

Hernández¹,

Fuentealba²,

Olaeta³

et al. 2016

Fruits

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Introduction. 'Hass' is the main avocado cultivar commercialized worldwide. The extended flowering period, very low percentage of fruit set and inability to ripen on the tree renders the fruit heterogeneous and unpredictable during postharvest management. The "triggered" and "ready-to-eat" growing markets for 'Hass' avocados are affected by the variable postharvest ripening or ripening heterogeneity which creates severe logistical problems for marketers and inconsistent quality delivery to consumers. Synthesis. The dry matter content, the current avocado harvest index that correlates very well with oil content, has been extensively used to harvest 'Hass' avocados to comply with the minimum standards to guarantee consumer satisfaction. However, previous work and empirical experience demonstrate that dry matter does not correlate on a fruit-to-fruit basis with time to reach edible ripeness. Thus, avocados of very different ages are harvested from individual trees, resulting in heterogeneous postharvest ripening of fruit within a specific batch. Several preharvest factors related to environmental and growing conditions and crop management as well as postharvest technology strategies influence the observed variability of postharvest ripening. Conclusion. Modern approaches based on studying the composition of individual fruits displaying contrasting postharvest ripening behavior, combined with non-destructive phenotyping techniques, seem to offer practical solutions for the fresh supply chain of avocados to sort fruit based on their ripening capacity.Keywords: avocado / Persea americana / fruit quality / ripening stage / preharvest management / secondary metabolites / non-destructive analysis Résumé -Facteurs associés à l'hétérogénéité du mûrissement post-récolte des avocats (Persea americana Mill cv. Hass). Introduction. Le 'Hass' est la principale variété d'avocat commercialisée dans le monde. Sa période de floraison prolongée, son très faible pourcentage de nouaison et son incapacité à mûrir sur l'arbre en font un fruit hétéro-gène et imprévisible à gérer après récolte. Le marché croissant des avocats 'Hass' « déclenchés » et « prêts-à-manger » est affecté par la variabilité ou l'hétérogénéité du mûrissement post-récolte, ce qui crée de sérieux problèmes logistiques aux spécialistes du marketing et offre une prestation de qualité inégale aux consommateurs. Synthèse. La teneur en matière sèche, l'actuel indice de récolte des avocats qui correspond parfaitement à la teneur en huile du fruit, a été largement utilisé pour récolter les avocats 'Hass' en conformité avec les normes minimales de garantie de satisfaction des consommateurs. Toutefois, des travaux antérieurs et l'expérience empirique démontrent que la matière sèche ne correspond pas à un paramètre sur lequel se baser d'un fruit à l'autre pour estimer la durée jusqu'au fruit mûr prêt à manger. Ainsi, pour des fruits d'âge très différents récoltés arbre par arbre, il en résulte une hétérogénéité du mûrisse-ment des fruits après récolte dans chaque lo...

show abstract

Differential expression and ethylene regulation of β-galactosidase genes and isozymes isolated from avocado (Persea americana Mill.) fruit

Cited by 36 publications

References 48 publications

Galactose metabolism in cell walls of opening and senescing petunia petals

Galactose metabolism in cell walls of opening and senescing petunia petals

β-Galactosidase and α-L-Arabinofuranosidase in Cell Wall Modification Related with Fruit Development and Softening

Factors associated with postharvest ripening heterogeneity of ‘Hass’ avocados (Persea americanaMill)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About