Differential expression of miR-144* as a novel fecal-based diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer

Kalimutho, Murugan; Blanco, Giovanna Del Vecchio; Cecilia, Serena Di; Sileri, Pierpaolo; Cretella, M.; Pallone, Francesco; Federici, Giorgio; Bernardini, Sergio

doi:10.1007/s00535-011-0456-0

Cited by 113 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In addition, miR-144* and miR-106a were found to be significantly overexpressed in adenomas and in the stool of CRC patients compared with healthy individuals [86,89] . These studies have confirmed that miRNAs from stool samples require validation as diagnostic biomarkers for CRC.…”

Section: Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in epigenetic biomarker research in colorectal cancer

Kuang

2014

WJG

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) causes approximately 600000 deaths annually and is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Despite significant advancements in treatment options, CRC patient survival is still poor owing to a lack of effective tools for early diagnosis and a limited capacity for optimal therapeutic decision making. Since there exists a need to find new biomarkers to improve diagnosis of CRC, the research on epigenetic biomarkers for molecular diagnostics encourages the translation of this field from the bench to clinical practice. Epigenetic alterations are thought to hold great promise as tumor biomarkers. In this review, we will primarily focus on recent advances in the study of epigenetic biomarkers for colorectal cancer and discuss epigenetic biomarkers, including DNA methylation, microRNA expression and histone modification, in cancer tissue, stool, plasma, serum, cell lines and xenografts. These studies have improved the chances that epigenetic biomarkers will find a place in the clinical practices of screening, early diagnosis, prognosis, therapy choice and recurrence surveillance for CRC patients. However, these studies have typically been small in size, and evaluation at a larger scale of well-controlled randomized clinical trials is the next step that is necessary to increase the quality of epigenetic biomarkers and ensure their widespread clinical use.

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Section: Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have been performed to quantify miRNAs in the blood for use as a biomarker (Table 4) [77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] . miR-92a, located on chromosome 13q13, is a member of the miR-17-92 gene cluster.…”

Section: Mirna Biomarkers In Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in epigenetic biomarker research in colorectal cancer

Kuang

2014

WJG

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“…On the other hand, our data and others [25,27,28,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] have shown that quantitative changes in the expression of few miRNA genes in stool or blood that are associated with colon cancer permit development of more sensitive and specific CRC molecular markers than those currently available on the market. In comparison to the commonly employed FOBT stool test, a noninvasive molecular and reliable test would particularly be more convenient as there would be no requirement for dietary restriction, or meticulous collection of samples, and thus a screening test would be acceptable to a broader segment of the population.…”

Section: Current Methods For Colon Cancer Screeningmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…It should be emphasized that although not all of the shed cells in stool are derived from a tumor, data published by us and others [25,27,28,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68] have indicate that diagnostic miRNA gene expression profiles are associated with adequate number of exfoliated cancerous cells and enough transformed RNA is released in the stool, and also the availability of measurable amount of circulating. miRNA genes in blood (either cellular or extracellularly), which can be determined quantitatively by a sensitive technique such as PCR in spite of the presence of bacterial DNA, non-transformed RNA and other interfering substances.…”

Section: Current Methods For Colon Cancer Screeningmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In comparison to the commonly employed FOBT stool test, a noninvasive molecular and reliable test would particularly be more convenient as there would be no requirement for dietary restriction, or meticulous collection of samples, and thus a screening test would be acceptable to a broader segment of the population. Using stable molecules such as miRNAs that are not easily degradable when extracted from stool or blood and manipulated thereafter, a miRNA -approach for colon cancer is thus preferable to a transcriptomic mRNA-, mutation DNA-, epigeneticor a proteomic-based test [25,27,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68], particularly that we and others have shown that these stable, nondegradable miRNA molecules can be easily extracted from stool or from circulation in vitro using commercially available kits. Advantages and disadvantages of the in vivo and in vitro tests are presented in table 1.…”

Section: Current Methods For Colon Cancer Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MicroRNAs as molecular markers for colon cancer Diagnostic screening in stool & blood

Ahmed¹,

Ahmed²

2017

Med Res Innov

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Screening for colon cancer (CC) allows for diagnosis of the early stage for malignancy and potentially reduces disease mortality as the cancer could be cured at disease earliest stages. Early detection could be desirable if accurate, practical and cost effective diagnostic measures for this cancer are available. Mortality and morbidity from colon cancer represent a major health problem involving a malignant disease that is theoretically preventable through screening. Current screening methods (e.g., the immunological fecal occult blood test, FOBTi, obtained from patients' medical records) either lacks sensitivity and requires dietary restriction, which impedes compliance and use; are costly (e.g., colonoscopy), which decreases compliance; or could lead to mortality. In comparison to the FOBT test, a noninvasive sensitive screen for which there is no requirement for dietary restriction would be a more convenient test. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the only cancer for which screening by colonoscopy is recommended. Although colonoscopy is a reliable screening tool, its invasive nature, accompanying abdominal pain, potential complications and high cost have hampered the application of this screening method worldwide.A novel screening approach using the stable miRNA molecules, which are relatively nondegradable when extracted from noninvasive stool and semi-invasive blood samples by currently available commercial kits and manipulated thereafter, would be preferable to a transcriptomic messenger (m)RNA-, a mutation DNA-, an epigenetic-or a proteomic-based test. The approach utilizes reverse transcriptase (RT), followed by a modified quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Although exosomal RNA would not be measured, using a restricted extraction of total RNA from stool or blood, then a parallel test could also be carried out on RNA obtained from stool or plasma samples, and appropriate corrections for exsosomal loss can be made to obtain accurate and quantitative results. Eventually, a chip would be developed to facilitate diagnosis, as has been carried out for the quantification of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in foods. The gold standard to which the molecular miRNA test is compared is colonoscopy. If performance criteria are met, as detailed herein, then a miRNA test in human stool or blood samples based on high throughput automated technologies and quantitative expression measurements --commonly used in the diagnostic clinical laboratory--would eventually be advanced to the clinical setting, which will make a vivid impact on the prevention of colon cancer.Correspondence to: Farid E. Ahmed, GEM

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Exosomes and cancer: From oncogenic roles to therapeutic applications

et al. 2019

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Exosomes belong to extracellular vehicles that were produced and secreted from most eukaryotic cells and are involved in cell‐to‐cell communications. They are an effective delivery system for biological compounds such as mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, lipids, saccharides, and other physiological compounds to target cells. In this way, they could influence on cellular pathways and mediate their physiological behaviors including cell proliferation, tumorigenesis, differentiation, and so on. Many research studies focused on their role in cancers and also on potentially therapeutic and biomarker applications. In the current study, we reviewed the exosomes' effects on cancer progression based on their cargoes including miRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, DNAs, mRNAs, proteins, and lipids. Moreover, their therapeutic roles in cancer were considered. In this regard, we have given a brief overview of challenges and obstacles in using exosomes as therapeutic agents.

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Differential expression of miR-144* as a novel fecal-based diagnostic marker for colorectal cancer

Abstract: We demonstrated that miRNAs are stable in the fecal microenvironment, and that, among them, miR-144* represents a novel fecal-based diagnostic marker for CRC screening. Nevertheless, our data need to be validated in a large cohort of subjects.

Cited by 113 publications

References 35 publications

Advances in epigenetic biomarker research in colorectal cancer

Advances in epigenetic biomarker research in colorectal cancer

MicroRNAs as molecular markers for colon cancer Diagnostic screening in stool & blood

Exosomes and cancer: From oncogenic roles to therapeutic applications

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