Differential Expression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Related Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Response to a Low-Calorie Diet: A Nutrigenomics Study

Abstract

Nutrigenomics is a new application of omics technologies in nutritional science. Nutrigenomics aims to identify molecular markers of diet-related diseases and mechanisms of interindividual variability in response to food. The aim of this study was to evaluate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as a model system and readily available source of RNA to discern gene expression signatures in relation to personalized therapy of obesity. PBMC were collected from obese men before and after an 8-week low-calorie diet (LCD) to lose weight. Changes in gene expression before and after the LCD were initially screened using a DNA-microarray platform and validated by qRT-PCR. Global gene expression analysis identified 385 differentially expressed transcripts after the LCD. Further analyses showed a decrease in some specific oxidative stress and inflammation genes. Interestingly, expression of these genes was directly related to body weight, while a lower IL8 gene expression was associated with higher fat mass decrease. Collectively, these observations suggest that PBMCs are a suitable RNA source and model system to perform nutrigenomics studies related to obesity and development of personalized dietary treatments. IL8 gene expression warrant further research as a putative novel biomarker of changes in body fat percentage in response to an LCD. 251

Time‐dependent regulation of muscle caveolin activation and insulin signalling in response to high‐fat diet

“…GAPDH was used as internal control for efficiency of RT-PCR and subsequent normalization. The results were calculated by the 2 ÀDDCt method [11].…”

The intake of a high-fat diet and grape seed procyanidins induces gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hamsters: capturing alterations in lipid and cholesterol metabolisms

“…The use of these cells in nutrition-related studies is increasing due to the number of different studies performed in both animals and humans that have demonstrated the relationship of PBMCs-captured metabolic changes with the fasting and feeding cycles (Bouwens et al 2007;Caimari et al 2010a, b;Oliver et al 2013) and with the intake of specific nutrients or bioactive food compounds such as fatty acids, proteins, carbohydrates and polyphenols (van Erk et al 2006;Crujeiras et al 2008;Bouwens et al 2009;Konstantinidou et al 2009;Khymenets et al 2009;Bouwens et al 2010;Camargo et al 2010;Rudkowska et al 2011;Van Dijk et al 2012a, b;Tomé-Carneiro et al 2013;van der Velpen et al 2013; Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12263-014-0438-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Afman et al 2014).…”

Interleukin-8 and interleukin-10, brain volume and microstructure, and the influence of calorie restriction in old rhesus macaques

“…CR in these nonhuman primates has a number of positive metabolic, hormonal, and neural benefits (Ramsey et al 2000;Colman et al 2009), some of which are inter-related, including via the diverse actions of insulin and improved glucoregulation (Willette et al 2012b). Based on previous cell culture and blood analyses from these monkeys (Kim et al 1997;Willette et al 2010) and the demonstration that CR reduces IL-8 gene expression in humans (Crujeiras et al 2008), we predicted that CR would: (1) lower blood IL-8 levels and (2) increase blood IL-10 levels. Further, we anticipated this CR-induced shift in cytokine activity would be statistically associated with volume and microstructural density in the hippocampus and several other brain regions.…”