Differential expression profiling of components associated with exoskeletal hardening in crustaceans

Kuballa, Anna; Elizur, Abigail

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-9-575

Cited by 63 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…S3). This is in agreement with the results presented by Kuballa and Elizur (2008) that a Pl-MBL homologue is highly upregulated in the crab Portunus pelagicus at post molt. Taken together, these results indicate a role for Pl-MBL in calcification of a new cuticle during molting, and in addition the LPS binding properties of this protein may be important in regulation of the proPO system during sclerotization and to prevent spreading of LPS or bacteria in the hemolymph during the sensitive molting stage.…”

Section: Fig 8 Propo Activation In Hls Is Dependent Of Cacl2 (A)supporting

confidence: 94%

An MBL-like protein may interfere with the activation of the proPO-system, an important innate immune reaction in invertebrates

Charoensapsri

Nakamura

et al. 2013

Immunobiology

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Section: Fig 8 Propo Activation In Hls Is Dependent Of Cacl2 (A)supporting

confidence: 94%

An MBL-like protein may interfere with the activation of the proPO-system, an important innate immune reaction in invertebrates

Charoensapsri

Nakamura

et al. 2013

Immunobiology

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“…In nature, crustacean animals periodically undergo cyclic molt of the exoskeleton, which is essential for their growth, metamorphosis, and reproduction (14)(15)(16). Armadillidium vulgare belongs to terrestrial-dwelling crustacean taxon isopod.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium-aspartate-based crystallization switch inspired from shell molt of crustacean

Tao

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

131

124

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Many animals such as crustacean periodically undergo cyclic molt of the exoskeleton. During this process, amorphous calcium mineral phases are biologically stabilized by magnesium and are reserved for the subsequent rapid formation of new shell tissue. However, it is a mystery how living organisms can regulate the transition of the precursor phases precisely. We reveal that the shell mineralization from the magnesium stabilized precursors is associated with the presence of Asp-rich proteins. It is suggested that a cooperative effect of magnesium and Asp-rich compound can result into a crystallization switch in biomineralization. Our in vitro experiments confirm that magnesium increases the lifetime of amorphous calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate in solution so that the crystallization can be temporarily switched off. Although Asp monomer alone inhibits the crystallization of pure amorphous calcium minerals, it actually reduces the stability of the magnesium-stabilized precursors to switch on the transformation from the amorphous to crystallized phases. These modification effects on crystallization kinetics can be understood by an Asp-enhanced magnesium desolvation model. The interesting magnesium-Asp-based switch is a biologically inspired lesson from nature, which can be developed into an advanced strategy to control material fabrications.biomineralization ͉ calcium biominerals ͉ phase transformation

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“…In an earlier work, Terwilliger and colleagues (Terwilliger et al, 2005) showed in juvenile crabs that the hemolymph concentration of hemocyanin cyclically decreased at ecdysis, and increased as pre-molt progressed until the next molt event. At the transcript level, hemocyanins of the crab Portunus pelagicus showed high levels of expression in the intermolt and pre-molt stages, when compared with ecdysis and postmolt (Kuballa and Elizur, 2008;Kuballa et al, 2011). In C. quadricarinatus, a microarray experiment comparing hepatopancreas gene expression in inter-molt versus pre-molt and post-molt animals indicated a reduction in the transcription levels of one hemocyanin gene in inter-molt, while another hemocyanin gene was most highly transcribed in inter-molt .…”

Section: The Journal Of Experimental Biology 216 (10)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These microfibrils form a network of chitin-protein layers that are helicoidally stacked into a twisted plywood pattern (Bouligand, 1972;Raabe et al, 2005). The rigidity of the exoskeleton is achieved through sclerotization, namely the enzymatic oxidation of phenols or catechols, which then crosslink with and harden cuticular proteins and chitin (Kuballa and Elizur, 2008). In most crustacean species, exoskeletons are further hardened by the deposition of minerals, mainly calcium carbonate (Lowenstam and Weiner, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemocyanin with phenoloxidase activity in the chitin matrix of the crayfish gastrolith

Glazer

Tom

Weil

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYGastroliths are transient extracellular calcium deposits formed by the crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus von Martens on both sides of the stomach wall during pre-molt. Gastroliths are made of a rigid chitinous organic matrix, constructed as sclerotized chitin-protein microfibrils within which calcium carbonate is deposited. Although gastroliths share many characteristics with the exoskeleton, they are simpler in structure and relatively homogeneous in composition, making them an excellent cuticle-like model for the study of cuticular proteins. In searching for molt-related proteins involved in gastrolith formation, two integrated approaches were employed, namely the isolation and mass spectrometric analysis of proteins from the gastrolith matrix, and 454-sequencing of mRNAs from both the gastrolith-forming and sub-cuticular epithelia. SDS-PAGE separation of gastrolith proteins revealed a set of bands at apparent molecular masses of 75-85kDa; mass spectrometry data matched peptide sequences from the deduced amino acid sequences of seven hemocyanin transcripts. This assignment was then examined by immunoblot analysis using anti-hemocyanin antibodies, also used to determine the spatial distribution of the proteins in situ. Apart from contributing to oxygen transport, crustacean hemocyanins were previously suggested to be involved in several aspects of the molt cycle, including hardening of the new post-molt exoskeleton via phenoloxidation. The phenoloxidase activity of gastrolith hemocyanins was demonstrated. It was also noted that hemocyanin transcript expression during pre-molt was specific to the hepatopancreas. Our results thus reflect a set of functionally versatile proteins, expressed in a remote metabolic tissue and dispersed via the hemolymph to perform different roles in various organs and structures.

show abstract

Differential expression profiling of components associated with exoskeletal hardening in crustaceans

Cited by 63 publications

References 57 publications

An MBL-like protein may interfere with the activation of the proPO-system, an important innate immune reaction in invertebrates

An MBL-like protein may interfere with the activation of the proPO-system, an important innate immune reaction in invertebrates

Magnesium-aspartate-based crystallization switch inspired from shell molt of crustacean

Hemocyanin with phenoloxidase activity in the chitin matrix of the crayfish gastrolith

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