Differential features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adults: A SEER study

Abstract

Despite the use of similar treatment approaches, NPC in children and adolescents may have different biologic features. Young patients are at higher risk of developing therapy related complications, including second cancer.

Overview of Carcinomas in Adolescents: A Descriptive Study Over Twenty Years

“…Concerning NPC, survival was quite similar to those previously reported (76.5% 5y-OS vs. 71-81%) [14][15][16][17]. The main indicator for poor prognosis was distant metastases which were present in only 12% of cases as compared to 2.7% to 27% in previous series.…”

“…Only 2/7 patients with FL-HCC and 1/5 HCC were alive with a follow-up of 47, 77 and 74 months but after multiple recurrences treated with various combined therapies (multiple surgeries, chemotherapy, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, inhibitor tyrosine kinase, radiofrequency). The median survival of patients was 26 months (12-78) for FL-HCC and 16.5 months (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) for HCC.…”

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presenting as proptosis in a child: a diagnostic dilemma

“…It is very uncommon in children younger than 10 years but increases in incidence to 0.8 and 1.3 per 1 million per year in children aged 10 to 14 years and in children aged 15 to 19 years, respectively. 8 Since NPC is so rare in pediatric population and there is paucity of data on it in India, therefore the exact incidence of pediatric NPC in India, has still not been estabilished or known. Therefore, high index of suspicion is required by all diagnosticians in detecting this malignancy which can present with varied signs and symptoms.…”

“…These include conditions like thyroid cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and Burkitt's lymphoma, benign conditions such as benign hypertrophy of adenoids, nasal angiofibroma, which usually presents with epistaxis in adolescent males, and infectious lymphadenitis. 8 Standard therapy for NPC in children has generally followed the guidelines established for adults, irrespective of orbital involvement or distant metastasis, which consists of combined modality therapy with highdose radiation to nasopharynx and involved cervical node areas as well as moderate doses to uninvolved cervical node sites along with chemotherapy. Although high-dose radiotherapy in children can be curative it has been associated with rare but significant morbidity among long term survivors like late endocrine effects manifested by stunted growth, thyroid dysfunction, and soft tissue fibrosis, bone, dental problems and secondary malignancies.…”

Malignancy mimicking Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma

“…1 These patients usually present with advanced locoregional disease and high prevalence of distant metastasis. 2,3 The mainstay of treatment is external beam radiotherapy, which is considered as the treatment of choice. 4 We present two cases of adolescent males with a nasopharyngeal mass that presented with physical and radiographic findings suggesting JNA.…”