Differential gene expression profiles of normal human parotid and submandibular glands

Sun, Qing-Feng; Qh, Sun; Du, Ji-Zeng; Wang, S

doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01408.x

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Many genes that were altered in the SS samples were indicative of immune dysregulation, as reported in partial genome microarray studies (9–12), relative to noninflamed salivary glands (13) and in proteomic analyses (14). Through the lens of global genome arrays, our data revealed differences in MSGs from patients with severe lesions versus those with mild disease and symptomatic individuals without SS.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Chitinases in the salivary glands and circulation of patients with Sjögren's syndrome: Macrophage harbingers of disease severity

Greenwell-Wild¹,

Moutsopoulos²,

Gliozzi³

et al. 2011

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective Sjögren’s syndrome(SS) represents a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that targets salivary and lacrimal glands and may be accompanied by multi-organ systemic manifestations. To further an understanding of immunopathology associated with SS and uncover therapeutic targets, we compared gene expression profiles of salivary glands with severe inflammation to those with mild or no disease. Methods Using microarray profiling of salivary gland tissues from SS patients and controls, we identified target genes that were further characterized in tissues, serum and in cultured cell populations by real time PCR and protein analyses. Results Among the most highly expressed SS genes were genes associated with myeloid cells, including members of the mammalian chitinase family, not previously associated with exocrinopathies. Both chitinase-3-like-1(CHI3L1/YKL-40) and chitinase 1(CHIT1), highly conserved chitinase-like glycoproteins, one with and one lacking enzymatic activity, were evident at the transcriptome level, and detected within inflamed tissues. Chitinases are expressed during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, and augmented by cytokines, including IFNα. Conclusions Since elevated expression of these and other macrophage-derived molecules corresponded with more severe SS, these observations suggest potential immunopathologic macrophage involvement and furthermore, that the tissue macrophage transcriptional profile reflects multiple genes induced by IFNα.

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mentioning

confidence: 91%

Chitinases in the salivary glands and circulation of patients with Sjögren's syndrome: Macrophage harbingers of disease severity

Greenwell-Wild¹,

Moutsopoulos²,

Gliozzi³

et al. 2011

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…Components of Wnt pathway are expressed in adult SG of both mice and human [20,21]. In particular, Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) is highly expressed in normal human SGs but downregulated in all SG tumor cell lines tested [22], indicating that Wnt signaling is under tight control in normal SG and that its dysregulation correlates with SG tumorigenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Regulates Postnatal Development and Regeneration of the Salivary Gland

Bai

Yang²,

Millar

et al. 2010

Stem Cells and Development

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Regenerative therapy of the salivary gland (SG) is a promising therapeutic approach for irreversible hyposalivation in patients with head and neck cancer treated by radiotherapy. However, little is known about the molecular regulators of stem/progenitor cell activity and regenerative processes in the SG. Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates the function of many adult stem cell populations, but its role in SG development and regeneration is unknown. Using BAT-gal Wnt reporter transgenic mice, we demonstrate that in the submandibular glands (SMGs) of newborn mice Wnt/β-catenin signaling is active in a few cells at the basal layer of intercalated ducts, the putative location of salivary gland stem/progenitor cells (SGPCs). Wnt activity decreases as mice age, but is markedly enhanced in SG ducts during regeneration of adult SMG after ligation of the main secretory duct. The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway is also activated after duct ligation. Inhibition of epithelial β-catenin signaling in young Keratin5-rtTA/tetO-Dkk1 mice impairs the postnatal development of SMG, particularly affecting maturation of granular convoluted tubules. Conversely, forced activation of epithelial β-catenin signaling in adult Keratin5-rtTA/tetO-Cre/Ctnnb1((Ex3)fl) mice promotes proliferation of ductal cells, expansion of the SGPC compartment, and ectopic activation of Hh signaling. Taken together, these results indicate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates the activity of SGPCs during postnatal development and regeneration upstream of the Hh pathway, and suggest the potential of modulating Wnt/β-catenin and/or Hh pathways for functional restoration of SGs after irradiation.

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“…There are a number of studies on the expression and distribution of proteins in the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands (4,10,11,14,20,24). However, there are few reports that simultaneously compare gene expression in the three major salivary glands, although the gene expression of human parotid and submandibular glands has been compared for tumor incidence in a previous study (32). In this investigation, we analyzed gene expression in the rat salivary glands using DNA microarrays and assessed the microarray results using real-time PCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tumor incidence also differs between the salivary glands in humans; the parotid gland has almost a 4-fold higher incidence of tumors than the other glands (16). Recently, differences in gene expression as assessed on DNA microarrays between the human parotid and submandibular glands have been reported (32). Currently, in cases of salivary gland disease, it is difficult to identify which gland is damaged by analyzing whole saliva because the protein secretion profile of each salivary gland is not well established.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiles of the three major salivary glands in rats

et al. 2010

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The protein components of saliva reflect the condition of the whole body as well as the salivary glands. The aim of this study is to characterize the gene expression profiles in each of the rat major salivary glands-the parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands. Gene expression was analyzed using DNA microarrays, and observed differences in expression of representative genes were confirmed by quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction. Among the glands, the contribution to the high expression of genes encoding various proteins, specifically mucin 10, proline-rich glycoproteins, proline-rich protein 2, proline-rich proteoglycans, cystatin 10, amylase, deoxyribonuclease I, and von Ebner's gland protein, was significantly greater in the parotid gland than the other glands. The submandibular and sublingual glands had similar gene expression profiles that differed from profile of the parotid gland. For example, the genes encoding mucin 19 and ovomacroglobulin were highly expressed only in the submandibular and sublingual glands. In summary, we characterized gene expression in the rat major salivary glands and provided basic information on salivary gland marker proteins.

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Differential gene expression profiles of normal human parotid and submandibular glands

Abstract: This study revealed the different gene expression profiles of normal human parotid and submandibular glands, providing a genetic basis for their differing properties.

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Chitinases in the salivary glands and circulation of patients with Sjögren's syndrome: Macrophage harbingers of disease severity

Chitinases in the salivary glands and circulation of patients with Sjögren's syndrome: Macrophage harbingers of disease severity

Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Regulates Postnatal Development and Regeneration of the Salivary Gland

Gene expression profiles of the three major salivary glands in rats

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