Differential impacts of health care in Australia: trend analysis of socioeconomic inequalities in avoidable mortality

Korda, Rosemary; Butler, James R.G.; Clements, Mark; Kunitz, Stephen J.

doi:10.1093/ije/dyl282

Cited by 88 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The observed widened income-related inequality in deciduous caries experience has added to the recent evidence of divergent trends of health by SES (Mishra et al, 2004;Page et al, 2006;Korda et al, 2007;Blakely et al, 2008). There are several possible reasons for the observed widened inequality in oral health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been reports of widening socio-economic inequality in Australia that may have a direct impact on the SES gradient in health, including the oral health of children (Hetzel et al, 2004). A widening trend of SES inequality in other aspects of health in this past decade has been reported in Australia (Najman et al, 2006;Korda et al, 2007) and other countries (Mishra et al, 2004;Fawcett et al, 2005;Blakely et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Trend of Income-related Inequality of Child Oral Health in Australia

Spencer

Slade

et al. 2010

J Dent Res

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It is important that we monitor socio-economic inequality in health. Inequality in child oral health has been expected to widen because of widening socio-economic inequality. This study aimed to evaluate trends in income-related inequality in caries experience of Australian children. Cross-sectional studies in 1992/93 and 2002/03 collected data on deciduous caries experience of 5- to 10-year-olds and permanent caries experience of 6- to 12-year-olds. Household composition and income was used to calculate quartiles of equivalized income. Slope Index of Inequality (SII), Concentration Index (CI), and regression-based rate ratios were used to quantify income-related inequality and to evaluate trends. Income-related inequality in caries experience was evident regardless of time and dentition. The three indicators of inequality indicate a significant increase in income-related inequality in child deciduous caries experience during the decade. The income inequality in permanent caries experience did not change significantly. Income inequalities increased in deciduous teeth, but not in permanent teeth, among Australian children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Trend of Income-related Inequality of Child Oral Health in Australia

Spencer

Slade

et al. 2010

J Dent Res

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“…Nonetheless, available information does not generally suggest narrowing of socioeconomic gradients. Analysis by Korda et al (2007) shows that the socio-economic gradient of overall non-age-specific death rates associated with both avoidable and non-avoidable causes increased between 1986 and 2002. Freemantle et al (2006) show that the gap in death rates between Indigenous and non-Indigenous infants increased between 1980 and 2001, even though overall death rates fell in both populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertain Impacts: Trends in Public Expenditure on Children and Child Outcomes in Australia since the 1980s

Redmond

2012

Child Ind Res

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One of the purposes of social indicators is to inform policy, so that policymakers can respond to emerging trends and changing needs. Many policy responses are resource-based -that is, they involve changes in expenditure, and the size and purpose of public expenditure is an important indicator of policy effort. This article shows that between the 1980s and the mid-2000s, successive Australian governments increased expenditure on children to a greater extent than they did on elderly Australians. They also increasingly focused public expenditure on younger children, and on poorer children. Since the mid-2000s, while the focus of public expenditure on younger and poorer children appears to continue, the size of the public expenditure budget for children is no longer increasing greatly, suggesting that policy prioritisation of children overall may have come to an end. Yet even while public expenditure on children was increasing, a review of available indicators suggests that trends in Australian children's outcomes were not uniformly positive. In particular there is little substantive evidence that disparities in outcomes between children from lower and higher socio-economic backgrounds fell substantially. This raises questions of how the efficacy of public expenditure should be measured, and how the child indicators movement can rise to this challenge.2

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“…Conducted studies have mostly shown that the rate of avoidable deaths by time has declined. As such, their scale and pace with regard to sex, ethnic, age groups and socioeconomic quintiles have been different (7)(8)(9)(11)(12)(13)(14). In Iran over the past three decades, in particular after the establishment of healthcare networks, mortality rate among the provinces has fallen differently and considerably (15)(16)(17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avoidable Mortality Differences between Rural and Urban Residents During 2004–2011: A Case Study in Iran

Omranikhoo

Pourreza

Ardebili

et al. 2013

Int J Health Policy Manag

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Background: Avoidable mortality as an indicator for assessing the health system performance has caught the attention of researchers for a long time. In this study we aimed to compare the health system performance using this indicator in rural and urban areas of one of Iran's southern provinces. Methods: All deaths (29916) which happened during 2004-2011 in Bushehr province were assessed. Nolte and McKee's avoidable deaths model was used to distinguish avoidable and unavoidable conditions. Accordingly, all deaths were classified into four categories including three avoidable death categories and one unavoidable death category. STATA software was used to conduct Poisson Regression Test and agestandardized death rate. Results: Findings showed that avoidable mortality rates declined in both urban and rural areas at 3.33% per year, but decline rates were influenced by Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) and preventable death categories to treatable death category. Annual decline rate for IHD category in rural and urban areas was nearly the same as 8%, but in preventable death category, rural areas experienced more decreases than urban ones (7% vs 5% respectively). However, decline rate in treatable mortality neither in urban and nor in rural areas was statistically significant. Conclusion: Despite the annual decline in the rate of avoidable deaths, policy making initiatives especially screening and inter-sectoral measures targeting cause of deaths such as colon and breast cancers, hypertension, lung cancer and traffic accidents, can still further decrease avoidable deaths in both areas.

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Differential impacts of health care in Australia: trend analysis of socioeconomic inequalities in avoidable mortality

Cited by 88 publications

References 39 publications

Trend of Income-related Inequality of Child Oral Health in Australia

Trend of Income-related Inequality of Child Oral Health in Australia

Uncertain Impacts: Trends in Public Expenditure on Children and Child Outcomes in Australia since the 1980s

Avoidable Mortality Differences between Rural and Urban Residents During 2004–2011: A Case Study in Iran

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