Differential induction of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase, epoxide hydrolase, glutathione transferase and UDP glucuronosyl transferase activities in the liver of the rainbow trout by β-naphthoflavone or clophen A50

Andersson, Tommy; Pesonen, Maija; Johansson, Conny M.

doi:10.1016/0006-2952(85)90351-x

Cited by 202 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…The magnitude of EROD induction (approx. 21 to 87-fold) over control levels observed here is similar to increases seen in other studies with fed rainbow trout where the highest activity levels were achieved 3 days following treatment (Andersson et al, 1985b;Zhang et al, 1990;Pretti et al, 2001). Moreover, although the basal activity of several enzyme activities including EROD, UDP-GT, ECOD, AHH and P450, are depressed during long periods of starvation, induction to levels comparable to those achieved by fed fish is possible (Andersson et al, 1985a), thereby, demonstrating the importance of this system even under extremely limited energy intake.…”

Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The results of the 13-napthoflavone treatment in this study show that GST activity was unaffected, while the activities of EROD were significantly increased across dietary groups. Although GST can be induced by 13-NF to approximately 100 to 200% over controls, maximal activity is usually achieved one to three weeks following induction (Andersson et al, 1985b;Celander et al, 1993;Noble et al, 1996;Noble et al, 1998). The magnitude of EROD induction (approx.…”

Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Morrow

Higgs

Kennedy

2004

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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Degree:Master of ~nvironmentai ToxicologyTitle of Project:The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENCEI hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of ThesislProjecff Extended EssayThe effects of diet composition and ration on biotransforrnation enzymres and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.Michelle Dayna Morrow (name) ABSTRACTNutritional quality and quantity play significant roles in the amount of energy an animal assimilates and in the distribution of that energy. Furthermore, energy is allocated in a hierarchical fashion beginning with basal metabolism and then successively to other physiological processes depending on other energetic requirements of the animal. To date, little information exists on the effects of diet and ration on the stress response and detoxification system in fish. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure the effects of dietary composition and ration on the biotransformation and stress response systems in juvenile rainbow trout.Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed one of three isoenergetic diets varying in protein (35 to 55%) and lipid content (8 to 18%), at full satiation or partial ration for 6 weeks in order to investigate the effects of diet on baseline stress parameters and biotransformation enzyme activity. Growth was highest in fish fed low protein, high lipid diets at both ration levels and was highest overall in fish fed to satiation. Stress indicators, including plasma lactate, glucose and cortisol concentrations were not significantly affected by dietary treatment or ration. Basal biotransformation enzyme activity, including glutathione S-transferase (GST) and ethoxyresorufin 0-deethylase (EROD) activity, were also unaffected by dietary treatment. Fish exposed to the biotransformation enzyme inducer 13-napthoflavone did not exhibit an alteration in stress indicators or GST activity; however, EROD activity was increased (87 to 210-fold) in fish receiving all diets and rations demonstrating the importance of this system even under limited energy intake.The results of the present study indicate that, unlike mammals, fish may be more recalcitrant to different levels of ingestion (above maintenance ration) of isoenergetic ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: R-nf Effects On Blood Parameters and Enzyme Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Morrow

Higgs

Kennedy

2004

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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“…Previous studies showed that the V max for cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenation of MXC was increased in 3-MC-induced catfish, compared with untreated controls (Stuchal et al, 2006), so the finding that V max values for both phase II pathways were increased suggests that catfish co-exposed to MXC and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may exhibit an overall increased biotransformation of MXC, and perhaps more rapid elimination. The finding that glucuronidation was increased by 3-MC treatment was not unexpected, as there are other reports of induction of glucuronidation by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, both in fish, including catfish (Andersson et al, 1985;Clarke et al, 1992;Gaworecki et al, 2004) and in mammals (Bock et al, 1990). The 3-MC-induced increases in sulfotransferase activities of OH-MXC and HPTE, both very poor substrates for sulfonation, prompted a study of the effect of 3-MC on the sulfonation of a better substrate, 3-OH-BaP.…”

Section: Induction Of Sulfonation and Glucuronidationmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Treatment of catfish with a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC) increased the rate of demethylation of MXC in liver and intestinal microsomes (Stuchal et al, 2006), suggesting that co-exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and MXC may increase the exposure of the fish to the estrogenic metabolites. In some fish, however, exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons results in induction of UGT measured with p-nitrophenol as aglycone (Andersson et al, 1985), and there was a recent report that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons induce SULT activity towards 9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene in catfish (Gaworecki et al, 2004). If 3-MC also induces the glucuronidation and sulfonation of MXC metabolites, the net effect of co-exposure of fish to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and MXC may be increased elimination and reduced overall exposure to OH-MXC and HPTE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucuronidation and sulfonation, in vitro, of the major endocrine-active metabolites of methoxychlor in the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and induction following treatment with 3-methylcholanthrene

2008

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The organochlorine pesticide, methoxychlor (MXC), is metabolized in animals to phenolic monoand bis-demethylated metabolites (OH-MXC and HPTE respectively) that interact with estrogen receptors and may be endocrine disruptors. The phase II detoxication of these compounds will influence the duration of action of the estrogenic metabolites, but has not been investigated extensively. In this study, the glucuronidation and sulfonation of OH-MXC and HPTE were investigated in subcellular fractions of liver and intestine from untreated, MXC-treated and 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC)-treated channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. MXC-treated fish were given i.p. injections of 2 mg MXC/kg daily for 6 days and sacrificed 24 hr after the last dose. The 3-MC treatment was a single 10 mg/kg i.p. dose 5 days prior to sacrifice. In hepatic microsomes from control fish, the V max value (mean ± S.D., n=4) for glucuronidation of OH-MXC was 270 ± 50 pmol/ min/mg protein, higher than found for HPTE (110 ± 20 pmol/min/mg protein). For each substrate, the V max values observed in intestinal microsomes were approximately twice those found in the liver. The K m values for OH-MXC and HPTE glucuronidation in control liver were not significantly different and were 0.32 ± 0.04 mM for OH-MXC and 0.26 ± 0.06 mM for HPTE. The K m for the co-substrate, UDPGA, was higher in liver (0.28 ± 0.09 mM) than intestine (0.04 ± 0.02 mM). Treatment with 3-MC but not MXC increased the V max for glucuronidation in liver and intestine. Glucuronidation was a more efficient pathway than sulfonation for both substrates, in both tissues. The V max values for sulfonation of OH-MXC and HPTE respectively in liver cytosol were 7 ± 3 and 17 ± 4 pmol/min/mg protein and in intestinal cytosol were 13 ± 3 and 30 ± 5 pmol/min/mg protein. Treatment with 3-MC but not MXC increased rates of sulfonation of OH-MXC and HPTE and the model substrate, 3-hydroxy-benzo(a)pyrene in both intestine and liver. Comparison of the kinetics of the conjugation pathways with those published for the demethylation of MXC showed that formation of the endocrine-active metabolites was more efficient than either conjugation pathway. Residues of OH-MXC and HPTE were detected in extracts of liver microsomes from MXC-treated fish. This work showed that although OH-MXC and HPTE could be eliminated by glucuronidation and sulfonation, the phase II pathways were less efficient than the phase I pathway leading to formation of these endocrine-active metabolites.

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“…At sampling the whole pituitary was homogenized in 0.1 M phosphate buffer containing 0.2 mM butylated hydroxytoluene, 1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1 mM EDTA, and 0.1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. Activities were measured immediately in the homogenate as described previously (Andersson et al, 1985 To fix tissue sections for immunohistochemical analysis, they were kept immersed in 0.1 Na-cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3) containing 0.4% (w/w> p-benzoquinone for 4 h followed by immersion in 0.1 M Nacacodylate buffer containing 20% sucrose for 12 h. Cryostat slices (10 pm) were incubated with antiserum containing perch anti-P4501Al (Celander and Fiirlin, 1991) (diluted 500 times) in phosphate-buffered saline containing albumin (4%) and Na-azide (2%) in a moist chamber overnight at room temperature. Swine antirabbit labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate was used as a secondary antibody for fluorescence microscopy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary as a target organ for toxic effects of P4501A1 inducing chemicals

Andersson

Förlin

Olsen

et al. 1993

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Differential induction of cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase, epoxide hydrolase, glutathione transferase and UDP glucuronosyl transferase activities in the liver of the rainbow trout by β-naphthoflavone or clophen A50

Cited by 202 publications

References 21 publications

The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

The effects of diet composition and ration on biotransformation enzymes and stress parameters in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Glucuronidation and sulfonation, in vitro, of the major endocrine-active metabolites of methoxychlor in the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and induction following treatment with 3-methylcholanthrene

Pituitary as a target organ for toxic effects of P4501A1 inducing chemicals

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