Differential induction of JA/SA determines plant defense against successive leaf-chewing and phloem-feeding insects

Liu, Yu-Xiao; Han, Wen-Hao; Wang, Jun-Xia; Zhang, Feng-Bin; Ji, Shun-Xia; Zhong, Yu-Wei; Liu, Shu-Sheng; Wang, Xiao-Wei

doi:10.1007/s10340-024-01821-x

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

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Using salicylic acid‐responsive promoters to drive the expression of jasmonic acid‐regulated genes enhances plant resistance to whiteflies

Wu,

Han,

Liang

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDJasmonic acid (JA) is an important phytohormone used to defend against herbivores, but it does not respond to whitefly feeding. Conversely, another phytohormone, salicylic acid (SA), is induced when plants are fed upon by whiteflies. JA has a better anti‐whitefly effect than SA; however, there is limited research on how to effectively improve plant resistance by utilizing the different responses of these phytohormones to whitefly feeding.RESULTSWe discovered that protease inhibitors 8 (PI8) and terpene synthase 10 (TPS10) located downstream of the JA‐regulated pathway in plants have anti‐whitefly effects, but these two genes were not induced by whitefly feeding. To identify whitefly‐inducible promoters, we compared the transcriptome data of tobacco fed upon by Bemisia tabaci with the control. We focused on pathogenesis‐related (PR) genes because they are known to be induced by SA. Among these PR genes, we found that expression levels of pathogenes‐related protein 1C‐like (PR1) and glucose endo‐1,3‐beta‐glucosidase (BGL) can be significantly induced by whitefly feeding and regulated by SA. We then engineered the whitefly‐inducible promoters of BGL and PR1 to drive the expression of PI8 and TPS10. We found that compared with control plants that did not induce the expression of PI8 or TPS10, transformed plants expressing PI8 or TPS10 under the PR1 or BGL promoter showed a significant increase in the expression levels of PI8 and TPS10 after whitefly infection, significantly improving their resistance to whiteflies.CONCLUSIONOur findings suggest that using SA‐inducible promoters as tools to drive the expression of JA‐regulated defense genes can enhance plant resistance to whiteflies. Our study provides a novel pathway for the enhancement of plant resistance against insects. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Using salicylic acid‐responsive promoters to drive the expression of jasmonic acid‐regulated genes enhances plant resistance to whiteflies

Wu,

Han,

Liang

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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Effects of elicitors on plant host selection by adult Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Butcher,

Rondon,

Lee

et al. 2024

Journal of Insect Science

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The Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, is the principal defoliator of potato crops globally. It is well known for its propensity to rapidly develop resistance. Thus, new control options which are resilient to the pest’s resistance capabilities are a critical need. The use of chemical ecology in integrated pest management (IPM) programs has been proposed as a means to delay resistance. Elicitors are chemical growth regulators that activate plant defenses. These plant defenses provide numerous opportunities to integrate chemical ecology into IPM programs, including changes to a plants volatile profile. In this laboratory study, we provide evidence that elicitors which mimic jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) can be used to attract or repel L. decemlineata respectively. Adult beetles are highly attracted to potato plants sprayed with the JA mimicking elicitor Blush 2X, while plants sprayed with SA mimicking elicitor, Actigard 50WG, appear to be repellent. Additionally, residency time on plants sprayed with Actigard 50WG was significantly shorter than with control plants. The potential use of elicitors within IPM program is discussed.

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Auxin-salicylic acid seesaw regulates the age-dependent balance between plant growth and herbivore defense

Han,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Plants must fine-tune their needs for growth and defense. According to the Plant Vigor Hypothesis, younger, more vigorous plants tend to be more susceptible to herbivores compared to older, mature plants, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this dynamic remain elusive. Here, we uncover a hormonal crosstalk framework that orchestrates the age-related balance between plant growth and herbivore defense. We demonstrate that the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), synthesized by Nicotiana benthamiana phenylalanine ammonia-lyase 6 (NbPAL6), dictates insect resistance in adult plants. The expression of NbPAL6 is driven by the key transcription factor, NbMYB42, which is regulated by two interacting auxin response factors, NbARF18La/b. In juvenile plants, higher auxin levels activate NbmiR160c, a microRNA that silences NbARF18La/b, subsequently reducing NbMYB42 expression, lowering SA accumulation, and thus weakening herbivore defense. Furthermore, excessive SA accumulation in juvenile plants enhances defense but antagonizes auxin signaling, impairing early growth. Our findings suggest a seesaw-like model that balances growth and herbivore defense depending on the plant's developmental stage.

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Differential induction of JA/SA determines plant defense against successive leaf-chewing and phloem-feeding insects

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

Using salicylic acid‐responsive promoters to drive the expression of jasmonic acid‐regulated genes enhances plant resistance to whiteflies

Using salicylic acid‐responsive promoters to drive the expression of jasmonic acid‐regulated genes enhances plant resistance to whiteflies

Effects of elicitors on plant host selection by adult Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Auxin-salicylic acid seesaw regulates the age-dependent balance between plant growth and herbivore defense

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