Differential induction of total IgE by two Salmonella enterica serotypes

Abstract

The main goal of this study was to establish how the inflammation caused by infection with two different Salmonella enterica serotypes, S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, may lead to the predisposition to allergy as measured by total IgE level in the blood. Infection by S. Typhimurium did not affect the systemic IgE concentration while in S. Enteritidis-infected patients there was a significant 3.5-fold increase. This effect was especially profound in patients >4 years old, with up to the 8-fold increase above the norm. The degree of dysbiosis in these two infections measured with the comparative counts of cultivated bacteria showed an inverse relationship with the IgE concentration. Earlier we reported the elevated level of IL-17 in patients infected by S. Enteritidis. In the current study a significant correlation was found between the concentrations of IL-17 and IgE suggesting a possible role played by this cytokine in triggering the production of IgE in response to S. Enteritidis infection.

Systemic Concentrations of Short Chain Fatty Acids Are Elevated in Salmonellosis and Exacerbation of Familial Mediterranean Fever

“…Typhimurium infection as well, a general reduction of gut microbiota and, in particular, of SCFA-producing bacteria, can be seen ( Drumo et al, 2016 ). Previously, we have confirmed that in humans as well, salmonellosis causes a considerable degree of dysbiosis ( Ktsoyan et al, 2015 ). In the dysbiotic condition accompanied by diarrhea, therefore, the concentration of SCFAs is expected to be decreased in the intestinal milieu, with the corresponding proportional decrease in systemic circulation.…”

“…These results suggested that despite the similarity in the increase of SCFAs concentrations in response to both S. enterica infections, there is certain specificity in the corresponding SCFA profile, which depends on the serotype of the pathogen. We have found earlier that the inflammatory response in salmonellosis is serotype-specific ( Ktsoyan et al, 2013b , 2015 ). The differential immune response probably results in the differential composition of the gut microbiota, with the subsequent distinctive profile of SCFAs excreted.…”

The protective effect and potential mechanisms of eugenol against Salmonella in vivo and in vitro

“…Overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines are the major biomarkers of exacerbated intestinal inflammatory response. Salmonella infection causes a strong proinflammatory response ( Ktsoyan et al., 2015 ), and it is accompanied by an influx of inflammatory cells ( Antunes et al., 2011 ). IL-2, an important cytokine secreted by type 1 T-helper cells, plays a crucial role in the functional activation of the cells of the innate immune response ( Ibrahim et al., 2021 ).…”

Potential Involvement of Salmonella Infection in Autoimmunity

“…Recently, we have investigated the impact of salmonellosis on the development of predisposition to allergic conditions [21]. In particular, we discovered a significantly elevated level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the sera of patients infected by S. Enteritidis while infections caused by S .…”

“…In addition, we characterized the degree of dysbiosis in the salmonellosis patients to identify the potential effect of gut microbiota on increased IgE production. Interestingly, dysbiosis during salmonellosis can be ruled out as a potential factor contributing to the excessive production of systemic IgE during S. Enteritidis infection [21].…”