Differential Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases-2, -9, and -13 Activities by Selected Anthraquinones

Wierzchacz, C.; Su, Enis; Kolander, Jens; Gebhardt, Rolf

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1112205

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Anthraquinones are essential and effective constituent of rhubarb, they can inhibit the growth of viruses, bacteria, and biofilm (Lin et al, 2008; Wierzchacz et al, 2009), so the content of anthraquinones in the rhubarb water extracts were determined. Here, the effect of the rhubarb water extracts on S. suis ATCC 700794 biofilm formation inhibition was studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The active ingredients of rhubarb are anthraquinones, which have been reported to inhibit the growth of viruses, bacteria, and biofilm. These mainly comprise emodin, rhein, chrysophanol, aloe-emodin, and physcion (Lin et al, 2008; Wierzchacz et al, 2009). Rhein can impair the pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis pathogenicity by intervening in the transcription of genes, these genes code important virulence factors which affect the bacterial proteolytic activity of the bacterium (Liao et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sub-Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Rhubarb Water Extracts Inhibit Streptococcus suis Biofilm Formation

Ding

Lian

et al. 2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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Streptococcus suis is one of the most important swine pathogens, which can cause persistent infection by forming biofilms. In this study, sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) of rhubarb water extracts were found to inhibit biofilm formation. Two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs), transcriptional regulators, and DNA binding proteins were compared under two conditions: (1) cells treated with sub-MIC rhubarb water extracts and (2) untreated cells. Using an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) strategy, we found that TCSs constituent proteins of histidine kinase and response regulator were significantly down-regulated. This down-regulation can affect the transfer of information during biofilm formation. The transcriptional regulators and DNA binding proteins that can interact with TCSs and interrupt gene transcription were also significantly altered. For these reasons, the levels of protein expressions varied in different parts of the treated vs. untreated cells. In summary, rhubarb water extracts might serve as potential inhibitor for the control of S. suis biofilm formation. The change in TCSs, transcriptional regulators, and DNA binding proteins may be important factors in S. suis biofilm inhibition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Rhubarb Water Extracts Inhibit Streptococcus suis Biofilm Formation

Ding

Lian

et al. 2017

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Our present study found that emodin glucuronides were the major molecules in blood after oral administration of emodin, whereas emodin glucuronides, ω‐OHE and ω‐OHE sulfates/glucuronides were present following intravenous administration. Given that previous in vitro studies reporting beneficial bioactivities of emodin all focused on emodin parent form,1–12 we therefore suspect whether the in vitro activities of emodin could predict its in vivo effects. Interestingly, as an extension of our pharmacokinetic study, we found that the effects of intravenous and oral metabolites of emodin against AAPH‐induced hemolysis were more effective than emodin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ex B ALF , Rheum officinal B AILL and Polygonum cuspidatum S IEB and Z UCC . Various in vitro beneficial activities of emodin, including antioxidation,1, 2 anti‐inflammation,3, 4 anti‐angiogenesis5, 6 and anticancer7–12 have been reported. However, whether the in vitro findings can predict in vivo effects of emodin remained an unanswered question for the lack of understanding the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of emodin in animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External validation of FIB-4: Diagnostic accuracy is limited in elderly populations

Kurosaki

Izumi

2008

Hepatology

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We read with interest the articles by Stering et al. 1 and ValletPichard et al. 2 The former authors developed the FIB-4 index, a noninvasive method for assessing liver fibrosis in patients with HIV/HCV coinfection. The variables used are age, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and platelet (PLT) count, and the formula is as follows:). They showed that over 70% of patients could be classified into either absence or presence of advanced fibrosis by cutoff of Ͻ1.45 or Ͼ3.25 respectively, with diagnostic accuracy of 87%. The latter authors expanded the applicability of the FIB-4 index to HCVmonoinfected patients and showed that 73% of patients were classified with diagnostic accuracy of 93%, an excellent performance in both classification and accuracy of diagnosis.Because the mean age of patients was young in these studies (40 years 1 and 44 years 2 ), we wondered whether this index could also fit to Japanese patients who are rather older than the Western patients. We validated the FIB-4 index in a retrospective cohort of 1,405 patients who underwent liver biopsy at our hospital. The mean age was 55 Ϯ 12 years. The distribution of METAVIR fibrosis scores was as follows: 1.6% showed no fibrosis (F0), 44.8% showed mild fibrosis (F1), 29.5% showed moderate fibrosis (F2), 20.2% showed severe fibrosis (F3), and 3.9% showed cirrhosis (F4). The proportion of advanced fibrosis (F3 or F4) was slightly higher in our population compared to the former studies (24.1% vs. 20.7% 1 and 17.2% 2 ). As shown in Table 1, only 53% of patients were classified to either Ͻ1.45 or Ͼ3.25, a much lower rate than previous reports. The diagnostic accuracy was excellent in patients with a FIB-4 index Ͻ1.45 (94%), however, it was relatively poor in patients with a FIB-4 index Ͼ3.25 (50%) making the overall accuracy as low as 67%.We supposed this discordance with previous reports may be derived from the older age of our populations and thus we categorized patients into three groups according to age and analyzed separately. In patients with age Յ50 years, 64% of patients were classified, and the diagnostic accuracy was 94% for a FIB-4 index Ͻ1.45 and 68% for a FIB-4 index Ͼ3.25 making the overall accuracy of 90%, a result comparable to previous reports. In older patients, however, diagnostic accuracy was significantly low compared to those with age Յ50 years (56% for age 51-60 years, P Ͻ 0.0001 and 51% for age Ն60 years, P Ͻ 0.0001). Because patients with a FIB-4 index Ͼ3.25 increased according to age (6%, 34%, and 53% for ages Յ50, 51-60 and Ͼ60 years), and the diagnostic accuracy was low in these patients (48% to 50%), these results suggest that, in elderly patients, a variable "age" generates excessively high FIB-4 index leading to misclassification of no-moderate fibrosis (F0-F2) into a FIB-4 index Ͼ3.25.In conclusion, the FIB-4 index could accurately differentiate advanced fibrosis in young Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C but the diagnostic accuracy is limited in the elderly. Thus, in elderly patients,...

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“…Tetracycline-3, an inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, is effective in the prevention of dental caries (33). Emodin has been demonstrated to inhibit the activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinases in vitro and in vivo (34,35). Thus, the anti-caries activity of emodin may also be due to its inhibitory effect on matrix metalloproteinases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of emodin on the cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans and the development of caries in rats

Cui

Liao

et al. 2014

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Emodin is an active herbal component traditionally used in East Asian countries for treating a variety of diseases. The present study investigated the effects of emodin on specific virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in vitro and on caries development in vivo. The growth and acid production of S. mutans were significantly inhibited by emodin (0.5–2 mg/ml). Emodin also significantly suppressed the synthesis of insoluble glucans by S. mutans. Furthermore, the topical application of emodin reduced the incidence and severity of carious lesions in rats. These results suggest that the natural compound emodin may be a novel pharmacological agent for the prevention and treatment of dental caries.

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Differential Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases-2, -9, and -13 Activities by Selected Anthraquinones

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Sub-Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Rhubarb Water Extracts Inhibit Streptococcus suis Biofilm Formation

Sub-Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Rhubarb Water Extracts Inhibit Streptococcus suis Biofilm Formation

External validation of FIB-4: Diagnostic accuracy is limited in elderly populations

Effect of emodin on the cariogenic properties of Streptococcus mutans and the development of caries in rats

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