Differential metabolic rates in prefrontal and temporal Brodmann areas in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder

Buchsbaum, Monte S.; Nenadić, Igor; Hazlett, Erin A.; Spiegel-Cohen, Jacqueline; Fleischman, Michael; Akhavan, Arash; Silverman, Jeremy M.; Siever, Larry J.

doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00361-9

Cited by 104 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Consistent with our findings, Suzuki et al (2005) demonstrated that the prefrontal volumes were largely preserved in SPD in contrast to widespread prefrontal involvement in schizophrenia. It is of interest that in our prior FDG-PET study (Buchsbaum et al 2002) using a task involving verbal working memory in a subgroup of subjects from this study, metabolic rates in BA10 were distinctly higher in SPD patients compared with healthy controls while schizophrenia patients were lowest and this was determined in the same way as in our present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…However, detailed analyses of each Brodmann area have suggested additional possible variations (Buchsbaum et al 2002). Four potential possibilities of normal-SPD-schizophrenia differences may be evaluated: a spectrum for the brain region with SPD intermediate between normal and schizophrenia, a sparing of the region with SPD the same as normal, a protective factor with SPD larger than normal, and a commonality with SPD and schizophrenia showing identical values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants provided written informed consent in accordance with Institutional Review Board guidelines. A subgroup of the healthy controls (n=24), SPD patients (n=12), and schizophrenia patients (n=26) were previously included in studies examining Brodmann areas using FDG-PET (Buchsbaum et al 2002), cingulate volume (Haznedar et al 2004) and whole temporal lobe volume (Downhill et al 2001).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gray and white matter volumes within Brodmann areas and cingulate gyrus were analyzed on coronal MRI slices using our standard methods briefly described below and detailed elsewhere (Buchsbaum et al 2002;Hazlett et al 1998;Mitelman et al 2005a).…”

Section: Brodmann Area Measurement and Tissue Type Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in contrast to patients with schizophrenia, SPD patients are hypothesized to have reduced vulnerability to psychosis due to protective factors which include greater prefrontal reserves. Factors such as capacity to recruit alternate prefrontal areas (e.g., BA10) to compensate for other dysfunctional areas during cognitive demands (Buchsbaum et al 2002) and less reduced frontal lobe volume when compared to schizophrenia may protect the SPD patients from chronic schizophrenia (Siever and Davis 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cortical gray and white matter volume in unmedicated schizotypal and schizophrenia patients

Hazlett

Buchsbaum

Haznedar

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

104

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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies have revealed fronto-temporal cortical gray matter volume reductions in schizophrenia. However, whether age-and sex-matched unmedicated schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) patients share some or all of the structural brain-imaging characteristics of schizophrenia patients has not been studied. We examined cortical gray/white matter volumes in a large sample of unmedicated schizophrenia-spectrum patients (n=79 SPD, n=57 schizophrenia) and 148 healthy controls. MR images were reoriented to standard position parallel to the anterior-posterior commissure line, segmented into gray and white matter tissue types, and assigned to Brodmann areas (BAs) using a postmortem-histological atlas. Group differences in regional volume of gray and white matter in the BAs was examined with MANOVA. Schizophrenia patients had reduced gray matter volume widely across the cortex but more marked in frontal and temporal lobes. SPD patients had reductions in the same regions but only about half that observed in schizophrenia and sparing in key regions including BA10. In schizophrenia, greater frontotemporal volume loss was associated with greater negative symptom severity and in SPD, greater interpersonal and cognitive impairment. Overall, our findings suggest that increased prefrontal volume in BA10 and sparing of volume loss in temporal cortex (BAs 22 and 20) may be a protective factor in SPD which reduces vulnerability to psychosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%