Differential methods of inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria induce synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and phenolic compounds differentially in chickpca

Abstract

Foliar spray and micro-injection of plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial species, viz. Pseudomonas fluorescens and P. aeruginosa on chickpea induced synthesis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) when tested against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Induction of PAL was also associated with increased synthesis of phenolic compounds such as tannic, gallic, caffeic, chlorogenic and cinnamic acids. Treatment with P. fluorescens was found to be more effective in inducing phenolic compounds as compared to P. aeruginosa. However, persistence of PAL activity was observed more with P. aeruginosa. Although both the inoculation methods were effective, foliar application was found to be superior to micro-injection in terms of rapid PAL activity leading to the synthesis of phenolic compounds.

Cyanobacteria-mediated phenylpropanoids and phytohormones in rice (Oryza sativa) enhance plant growth and stress tolerance

“…A direct correlation between antioxidant properties and levels of phenolic acids, flavonoids, PAL and peroxidase enzymes has been reported earlier Gao et al 2010). Our results indicated that the impact of cyanobacterial inoculation on rice plant and rhizosphere soil under salt stress is similar to the effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) (Ahmad et al 2008;Yang et al 2008) that are shown to induce systemic resistance against pathogens due to the induction of peroxidase (Egley et al 1983) and PAL enzymes (Pieterse et al 1996b), accumulation of phenolics Singh et al 2002Singh et al , 2003Basha et al 2006) and plant growth promotion due accumulation of phytohormones (Khalid et al 2006;Basha et al 2006). Although many attributes of plant growth promoting traits of cyanobacteria including symbiotic nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production and IAA synthesis have been described (Rai et al 2000;Fernandez et al 2000), we conclude that systemic accumulation of phenylpropanoids in rice following cyanobacterial inoculation enhanced capabilities of plants for growth and development.…”

Pseudomonas fluorescens Transportome Is Linked to Strain-Specific Plant Growth Promotion in Aspen Seedlings under Nutrient Stress

“…Tryptophan is also a precursor to auxin biosynthesis (Zhao, 2012) and may mediate root architecture change through this pathway. Phenylalanine induces secondary metabolism in plants (Basha et al, 2006; Koca and Karaman, 2015). Nicotinamide is a plant stress-associated compound that can induce and regulate secondary metabolic accumulation and induce plant defense responses (Takeuchi et al, 1975; Mohamed et al, 1989; Hashida et al, 2007).…”

Phenolic compounds ofSorghum vulgarein response toSclerotium rolfsiiinfection

“…Lignin and its phenolic Correspondence: S. Maurya, Department of Plant Pathology, Janata Mahavidyalaya, Ajitmal, Auraiya, U.P., India. E-mail: maurya_sd@rediffmail.com precursors are themselves toxic to the pathogens (Hammerschmidt & Kuc 1982, Prats et al 2004, Basha et al 2006 and their polymerization makes cell wall thicker and tuff, which restricts penetration and degradation of cell wall by the virulent pathogens (Lewis & Yamamoto 1990, Whetten & Sederoff 1995, Ferreira et al 2006.…”