Differential processing of in-group and out-group information.

Ostrom, Thomas M.; Carpenter, Sandra; Sedikides, Constantine; Li, Fan

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.64.1.21

Cited by 130 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the argument from social psychology that a person will perceive more variability when they are part of the in-group and less variability when they are part of the out-group (Kenny 1994;Linville et al 1989;Ostrom et al 1993;Park and Hastie 1987;Park and Rothbart 1982;Rubin and Badea 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

How do Service Providers and Clients Perceive Interorganizational Networks?

Ihm¹,

Shumate²,

Bello‐Bravo

et al. 2014

Voluntas

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Interorganizational networks are important structures for both service providers, who must navigate them as part of their organizational roles, and clients, who use them for the purposes of receiving benefits. This research develops and tests a conceptual model that explains some of the differences in the ways that these two groups perceive these networks. Drawing on surveys/interviews with 200 clients and 63 service providers of agricultural development training in Burkina Faso, this research demonstrates that clients perceive interorganizational networks differently than service providers. In particular, these results demonstrate that service providers perceive more organizations in the network, more competitive and collaborative ties among those organizations, and more competitive ties per organization than clients. From these results, we draw implications for social network, development communication, and organizational fields' research.Résumé Les réseaux interorganisationnels sont d'importantes structures tant pour les fournisseurs de services, qui doivent s'y retrouver dans le cadre de leurs rôles Resumen Las redes interorganizacionales son estructuras importantes tanto para los proveedores de servicios, que deben navegar por ellas como parte de sus roles organizacionales, como para los clientes, que las utilizan con el objetivo de recibir beneficios. La presente investigación desarrolla y pone a prueba un modelo conceptual que explica algunas de las diferencias en las formas en que estos dos grupos perciben estas redes. Recurriendo a encuestas/entrevistas con 200 clientes y 63 proveedores de servicios de formación en desarrollo agrícola en Burkina Faso, la presente investigación demuestra que los clientes perciben las redes interorganizacionales de manera diferente que los proveedores de servicios. En particular, estos resultados demuestran que los proveedores de servicios perciben más organizaciones en la red, lazos más competitivos y de colaboración entre dichas organizaciones, y lazos más competitivos por organización que los clientes. A partir de estos resultados, extraemos implicaciones para la investigación sobre redes sociales, comunicación del desarrollo, y campos organizacionales.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

How do Service Providers and Clients Perceive Interorganizational Networks?

Ihm¹,

Shumate²,

Bello‐Bravo

et al. 2014

Voluntas

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“…paradigm if inter-category fit is implemented (cf. Ostrom, Carpenter, Sedikides, & Li, 1993;Simon & Hastedt, 1997;Spears, Haslam, & Jansen, 1999;van Knippenberg et al, 1994).…”

Section: Experiments 1 Tomentioning

confidence: 98%

Inter‐category versus intra‐category fit: when social categories match social context

Wegener

Klauer

2004

Euro J Social Psych

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The goal of the research reported in this article was to examine whether social categorization, commonly thought to be a function of accessibility and intra-category fit, is also sensitive to changes in inter-category fit. Intra-category fit refers to the match between a target person's features and stored categorical knowledge, inter-category fit to the extent to which category memberships and targets' features covary across perceived group members. In Experiments 1, 2, and 3, members of social categories of low, medium, and high accessibility, respectively, were shown in a group discussion. Inter-category fit was manipulated in three steps. Category salience in memory increased as an additive function of accessibility and inter-category fit. Experiment 4 replicated the effects of intercategory fit while intra-category fit and the information presented for individual discussants were held constant. The present studies are the first to demonstrate an effect of inter-category fit on a relatively direct measure of spontaneous social categorization.

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“…More recent research by Linville and colleagues (Linville, Fischer, & Salovey, 1989;Linville, Fischer, & Yoon, 1996; see also Ostrom, Carpenter, Sedikides, & Li, 1993) indicates that a complex cognitive representation of an object (i.e., person or group) develops, in part, from familiarity with the object. The more familiar a perceiver is with an object, the more detailed knowledge of the object the perceiver forms and, hence, the more elaborated and differentiated the knowledge structure is.…”

Section: Alternative Explanationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The "I," the "we," and the "when": A meta-analysis of motivational primacy in self-definition.

Gaertner¹,

Sedikides²,

Vevea³

et al. 2002

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Self Cite

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What is the primary motivational basis of self-definition? The authors meta-analytically assessed 3 hypotheses: (a) The individual self is motivationally primary, (b) the collective self is motivationally primary, and (c) neither self is inherently primary; instead, motivational primacy depends on which self becomes accessible through contextual features. Results identified the individual self as the primary motivational basis of self-definition. People react more strongly to threat and enhancement of the individual than the collective self. Additionally, people more readily deny threatening information and more readily accept enhancing information when it pertains to the individual rather than the collective self, regardless of contextual influences. The individual self is the psychological home base, a stable system that can react flexibly to contextual influences.The right of nature . . . is the liberty each man hath to use his own power, as he will himself, for the preservation of his own nature; that is to say, of his own life.-Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.-Nathan Hale, spoken at his deathThe self is in a continual process of construction, it cannot be adequately made up excepting in terms of the content which it supplies for the situation in which the agent has to act. -John Dewey, Lectures on Psychological and Political EthicsThis article is concerned with a fundamental issue in psychology, education, social sciences, and humanities: Does the self-concept have a motivational hierarchy? Do all selves (i.e., self-definitions) have equal motivational potential? Which selfdefinition is motivationally primary?We distinguish among three theoretical approaches to the issue. The first approach, one example of which is Hobbes's statement, posits that the individual self is motivationally primary. The second approach, exemplified by Hale's proclamation, maintains that the collective self is motivationally primary. The third approach advocates that neither self is inherently primary. Instead, the self that is more accessible through situational or contextual influences is motivationally primary-a proposition that is in spirit with Dewey's thinking.We articulate the three theoretical approaches and review relevant research. We argue that, when considered alone, each approach appears to be supported. However, independent tests, per se, tell only part of the story. Comparative tests provide a more refined solution to the problem. We report a meta-analysis of empirical studies relevant to the issue of relative motivational status.

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Differential processing of in-group and out-group information.

Cited by 130 publications

References 53 publications

How do Service Providers and Clients Perceive Interorganizational Networks?

How do Service Providers and Clients Perceive Interorganizational Networks?

Inter‐category versus intra‐category fit: when social categories match social context

The "I," the "we," and the "when": A meta-analysis of motivational primacy in self-definition.

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