Differential radioautographic visualization of central catecholaminergic neurons following intracisternal or intraventricular injection of tritiated norepinephrine

Nowaczyk, T.; Pujol, J.F.; Valatx, Jean–Louis; Bobillier, Pierre

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(78)91111-3

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We observed that 200 pg of IL-1 infused into the 4th ventricle produced a similar elevation of MHPG, indicating a similar increase in norepinephrine release throughout the brain, including the forebrain, as was seen when the 200 pg of IL-1 was infused into the lateral ventricle. Prior studies that had examined the dynamics of infusion in the cerebrospinal system of the brain had shown that infusion into the 4th ventricle does not result in perfusion of the forebrain by the infused substance because the flow of cerebrospinal fluid moves in a posterior direction back across the brainstem and away from the forebrain (9). Therefore, the increased activity of noradrenergic nerve terminals in the forebrain observed after infusion of IL-1 into the 4th ventricle must have occurred because the infused IL-1 activated noradrenergic cell bodies in the brainstem, and thereby produced widespread release of norepinephrine throughout the forebrain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(*) Significant increase ( P < 0.05) from vehicle-infused condition. Note that 200 pg IL-1 infused into the 4th ventricle (infusion site is approximately 1.5 mm anterior to the LC) produced an elevation of hypothalamic MHPG equivalent to that produced by infusion of 200 pg IL-1 into the LV even though an infusion into the 4th ventricle will not result in perfusion of the hypothalamic region by the infused IL-1 [see Nowaczyk et al (9)]. This suggests that the increase in noradrenergic activity in brain that occurs following i.c.v.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripheral endotoxin causes long-lasting changes in locus coeruleus activity via IL-1 in the brain

Borsody¹,

Weiss²

2002

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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Activity of locus coeruleus (LC) neurons, the major noradrenergic cell-body group in the brain whose axons give rise to approximately 70% of norepinephrine (NE) in the brain, is believed to play an important role in attention/vigilance, cognitive functions and behavioral disorders, particularly depression. Results described here show that in the rat, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, a bacterial endotoxin) causes long-lasting changes in electrophysiological activity of LC neurons that are mediated by interleukin-1 (IL-1) acting locally in the LC region. First, it was found that IL-1, when microinjected into the LC region or stimulated/expressed in that brain region, increased activity of LC neurons. The only exception to this was that a very low dose of microinjected IL-1 (5 pg) decreased LC activity, which could be blocked by an antagonist to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), thus suggesting that the decrease was due to IL-1 stimulation of CRH release. All of these effects could be blocked by injection and/or infusion of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) specifically into the LC region. Next, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of a low dose of LPS(10 µg/kg or 100 ng/kg) was also found to increase LC activity. The excitation of LC produced by 10 µg/kg i.p. LPS increased progressively for at least 1 week, with LC neurons firing at more than twice their normal rate at 1 week after the i.p. LPS injection. Alteration of LC activity lasted for 3 weeks after a single i.p. injection of 10 µg/kg LPS. The effects of i.p. LPS on LC activity at any time after i.p. injection could be blocked by a brief microinfusion of IL-1RA into the LC region, thereby indicating that changes in LC activity seen after the i.p. LPS were caused by IL-1 acting in the LC region. Finally, i.p. injection of peptidoglycan, representing gram-positive bacteria, and polyinsinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I):(C)], representing viral infection, also caused increases in LC activity, and the effects of peptidoglycan [but not those of poly(I):(C)] were blocked by microinfusion of IL-1RA into LC. These findings suggest that bacterial infections can give rise to prolonged changes in brain activity through cytokine action in brain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral endotoxin causes long-lasting changes in locus coeruleus activity via IL-1 in the brain

Borsody¹,

Weiss²

2002

Acta Neuropsychiatr.

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Projections from the periaqueductal gray matter to the B₃ cellular area (nucleus raphe magnus and nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis) as revealed by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase in the rat

Fardin

Olivéras

Besson

1984

J of Comparative Neurology

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Afferent projections from the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) to the B3 region (nucleus raphe magnus, NRM; and nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis, NPG) were examined by means of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) method revealed by using the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) procedure. Following iontophoretic injection of HRP into the B3 cellular area, numerous labeled neurons were found between the third oculomotor complex and the rostral part of the tegmental nucleus dorsalis of Gudden. The most densely labeled regions were the lateral parts of the dorsal raphe nucleus (wings of the DRN) and Hamilton's nucleus dorsalis of the PAG. Very few neurons were found within the medial part of the DRN. In contrast, results with control injections performed outside the B3 area gave a different distribution of labeled neurons. The functional significance of these connections, particularly those emanating from the wings of the DRN which represent new information, is briefly discussed with regard to mechanisms operative in the control of pain. Although the major PAG-B3 direct projections could underlie a role for the B3 area in PAG-induced analgesia, the comparison of our anatomical and behavioral results points out some problems. Indeed, there is no strict correlation between the location of stimulation sites which induce analgesia in the freely moving rats and the distribution within the PAG of B3 projections. These observations lead us to question the role of direct PAG-B3 connections in the antinociception induced by PAG stimulation and alternative hypotheses are proposed.

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Specific Systems of the Reticular Core: Serotonin

Aghajanian

Vandermaelen

1986

Comprehensive Physiology

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Differential radioautographic visualization of central catecholaminergic neurons following intracisternal or intraventricular injection of tritiated norepinephrine

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Peripheral endotoxin causes long-lasting changes in locus coeruleus activity via IL-1 in the brain

Peripheral endotoxin causes long-lasting changes in locus coeruleus activity via IL-1 in the brain

Projections from the periaqueductal gray matter to the B₃ cellular area (nucleus raphe magnus and nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis) as revealed by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase in the rat

Specific Systems of the Reticular Core: Serotonin

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Differential radioautographic visualization of central catecholaminergic neurons following intracisternal or intraventricular injection of tritiated norepinephrine

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Peripheral endotoxin causes long-lasting changes in locus coeruleus activity via IL-1 in the brain

Peripheral endotoxin causes long-lasting changes in locus coeruleus activity via IL-1 in the brain

Projections from the periaqueductal gray matter to the B3 cellular area (nucleus raphe magnus and nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis) as revealed by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase in the rat

Specific Systems of the Reticular Core: Serotonin

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Projections from the periaqueductal gray matter to the B₃ cellular area (nucleus raphe magnus and nucleus reticularis paragigantocellularis) as revealed by the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase in the rat