Differential response of commercial hybrid and open  pollinated maize seeds to mechanical damage during seed processing

Olisa, B. S.; Awosanmi, F. E.; Akinropo, Michael S.; Ojo, P; ISHIAK, Khalid; DANLAMI, Abdul; EGBO, Nwakaku J.; OKEKE, Christiana U.

doi:10.15835/nsb13410738

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This observed trend appears reasonable because, at lower moisture contents, the seeds become more brittle and susceptible to mechanical damage, resulting in a higher rate of leakage and therefore a higher electrical conductivity. This is similar to what was reported by Olisa et al (2021) for corn seeds. Under different impact surfaces and drop heights, at a moisture content of 10%, the seeds had a higher average electrical conductivity value of 38.40 μS cm −1 g −1 , which is greater than the normal value of 25 μS cm −1 g −1 (ISTA, 2009).…”

Section: Effects Of the Moisture Contentsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…For the accelerated aging test, 40 g of various seed samples (including control samples and free‐fall‐treated samples) were weighed and placed in an accelerated aging chamber at 42°C and 100% relative humidity for 72 h. Afterward, a standard germination test was conducted to determine the decrease in germination percentage compared to control samples (Olisa et al., 2021 ). The difference in germination percentage between control samples (without free fall) and samples subjected to different free fall tests was calculated as a loss in germination (Shahbazi & Shahbazi, 2022b ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, seeds with stress cracks are vulnerable to insect and mold infestation during storage and typically have low viability (Rybchynskyi, 2020 ). In general, mechanical damage to seeds can result in a decrease in their economic value, reduced storage potential (Olisa et al., 2021 ), health issues (Deng et al., 2021 ; Fan et al., 2017 ; Narendran et al., 2019 ), and increased downstream costs associated with processing and product manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the effects of free fall conditions on damage to chickpea seeds: A comprehensive examination of seed deterioration

Delfan,

Shahbazi,

Eisvand

et al. 2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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Impact damage is the most destructive effect on the seeds during harvesting, handling, and storage, both on‐farm and off‐farm. The chickpea seeds' dicotyledonous characteristics and large mass and size make them susceptible to mechanical damage under impact loading. Tests were conducted to determine the extent of damage to chickpea seeds due to the impact caused by free fall. The extent of internal damage to the chickpea seeds was determined, which included the measurement of seed deterioration by the accelerated aging method (percentage loss in germination in the accelerated aging test) and the measurement of electrical conductivity. Three independent variables were used in the test, namely: (a) drop height (3, 6, 9, and 12 m), (b) impact surface (concrete, metal, plywood and seeds on seeds), and (c) seed moisture content (10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% w.b). The results showed that drop height, impact surface, and moisture content had significant effects (p < .01) on the loss in germination percentage and change in electrical conductivity of chickpea seeds. In terms of loss in germination, the highest damage to seeds occurred at the metal impact surface (41.96%) and the least at the seed on the seed (29.71%). The highest amount of electrical conductivity was related to the seeds dropped on the metal (36.09 μS cm−1 g−1) and the lowest was related to seed‐on‐seed contact (21.68 μS cm−1 g−1). By increasing the drop height from 3 to 12 m, the loss in germination and electrical conductivity of seeds increased from 27.74% to 48.08% and from 18.72 to 40.47 μS cm−1 g−1, respectively. Increasing the moisture content of chickpea seeds from 10 to 25% causes a decrease in the amount of damage to the seeds in terms of electrical conductivity (from 38.40 to 21.18 μS cm−1 g−1), but increases the damage in the form of a loss in the percentage germination in the accelerated aging test (from 29.22% to 42.88%). To reduce the impact damage to peas caused by free fall, the height of the fall should be limited to about 6 m, and they should be prevented from hitting hard and rough surfaces.

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Section: Effects Of the Moisture Contentsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the effects of free fall conditions on damage to chickpea seeds: A comprehensive examination of seed deterioration

Delfan,

Shahbazi,

Eisvand

et al. 2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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“…The undamaged seeds in each sample lot were subjected to the accelerated aging test to determine the storability and check for internal damage to the seed due to free fall. To perform the accelerated aging test, 50 g of corn seeds from different samples (control samples and free fall tested samples) were weighed and placed in an accelerated aging chamber at 42 °C and relative humidity of 100%, for 72 h, and then the accelerated aging germination percentage was calculated [ 39 ]. The percentage loss in the accelerated aging test germination was calculated based on the difference between the germination percentage of the control samples (untreated) and the tested samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage on damage to corn during handling: physiological deterioration

Shahbazi

2022

Plant Methods

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Background Corn seeds have a high susceptibility to mechanical damage due to their large size and mass. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage in minimizing the negative influence of the free fall on the storage potential of corn seeds. Corn seeds were evaluated for the extent of physiological damage by measuring the seed deterioration by the accelerated aging test (percentage loss in germination in the accelerated aging test), using three drop methods (free fall, with cushion box, and with closed let-down ladder) at three drop heights (5, 10, and 15 m) and five different moisture contents (10, 15, 20 and 25%). Results The drop methods had a significant effect on the storage potential of corn seeds. Sample seeds dropped without a ladder (free fall) had a significantly higher average physiological quality loss of 13.87% (loss in accelerated aging germination). In the use of the cushion box, the average percentage loss in germination was calculated to be 11.38%, which was decreased by about 18% more than the free fall. Sample seeds dropped with the closed let-down ladder had a lower average percentage loss in the germination of 8.78%, which showed that the closed let-down ladder significantly helped to reduce mechanical damage to corn seeds by about 37% comparing free fall and by about 23% to the use of the cushion box. The amounts of loss in physiological quality of corn seeds increased significantly with increasing drop height and moisture content, but the use of the cushion box and closed let-down ladder systems somewhat reduced the adverse effect of the above factors. Empirical models were developed for the dependency of physiological damage to corn seeds due to the impact caused by free fall, on the drop height and moisture content at different drop methods. Conclusions To minimize mechanical damage to seeds as they fall into the bin, a let-down ladder should be installed in the bin so that it can receive seeds from the filling spout with minimum damage.

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“…Next, they were rinsed with plenty of running water, followed by distilled water to remove the excess solution, and air-dried for 20 min (Olisa et al, 2021). Then, the dry seeds were inspected under a stereoscopic microscope (VE-S1, Velab Co., Parr, Texas, USA) to identify any pericarp damage.…”

Section: Physical Seed Quality: Fast Green Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous extract of coconut shell biochar as a pre-germination treatment increases seed germination and early seedling growth in chiltepín pepper (Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum)

Pérez

Juárez-Maldonado

Benavides-Mendoza

et al. 2023

Not Bot Horti Agrobo

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Since the fruit of the Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser and Pickergil (chiltepín pepper) has a low germination rate, we sought to determine whether using an aqueous biochar extract could improve this. Germination tests were performed out in Petri dishes, using wild chiltepín pepper seeds collected in Sonora, México, which were exposed for 24 h to aqueous extracts of coconut shell biochar (CSBA) at different doses (0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00%, w/v) and a control comprising deionized water. In addition to quantifying the germination rate, we determined the physical quality, viability, imbibition, electrical conductivity, seed pH, and capsaicin content. The fast green test showed an ideal physical quality (p = 0.5475), an imbibition rate > 65% (p > 0.05), and high viability 98.4% (p > 0.05). The wild chiltepín pepper seeds exposed to the CSBA0.05 and CSBA0.25 treatments increased the percentage germination rate (p < 0.001) to 80.9% and 71.7%, respectively. A higher percentage of normal seedlings resulted from CSBA0.05, CSBA0.10 and CSBA1.00 (p < 0.01), and a greater shoot length was obtained with CSBA0.05 (p < 0.01). The exposure of wild chiltepín seeds to aqueous CSBA for 24 h at low doses (CSBA0.05 and CSBA0.25) increase the germination rate, while CSBA0.05 could enhance early seedling growth.

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Differential response of commercial hybrid and open pollinated maize seeds to mechanical damage during seed processing

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Assessing the effects of free fall conditions on damage to chickpea seeds: A comprehensive examination of seed deterioration

Assessing the effects of free fall conditions on damage to chickpea seeds: A comprehensive examination of seed deterioration

Effects of cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage on damage to corn during handling: physiological deterioration

Aqueous extract of coconut shell biochar as a pre-germination treatment increases seed germination and early seedling growth in chiltepín pepper (Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum)

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