Differential Response to Exercise in African Americans with High Levels of Inflammation

Abstract

Purpose: Systemic inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein (CRP), is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. We investigated whether aerobic exercise training (AEXT) affects African Americans with high inflammation (HI) the same way it does African Americans with low inflammation (LI) in terms of CVD risk factors.Methods: 23 African Americans with CRP levels <3 mg/L (LI) and 14 African Americans with CRP ≥3 mg/L (HI) underwent six months of AEXT. Participants were sedentary, non-diabetic, non-smoking, with clinical blood pressure <160/100 mm Hg, were non-hyperlipidemic, had no signs of cardiovascular, renal, or pulmonary disease, and were not on medication. Measures included CD62E+ endothelial microparticles (EMPs), a measure of early stage endothelial dysfunction, as well as lipid and glucose profile, aerobic fitness, body composition, and blood pressure.

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles: The Missing Link between Physical Exercise and Depression Management?

“…Nevertheless, regular HPE was the most effective intervention in increasing both the aerobic capacity and the resistance to the risk of vascular thrombosis induced by hypoxia when compared to NPE [ 54 ]. Consistently, reduced levels of circulating activated EEVs were found following regular PE over six months in another trial [ 103 ]. The circulating EEVs may be uptaken by tissues engaged in crosstalk communication triggered by PE [ 62 ].…”

Short‐term exercise training reduces glycaemic variability and lowers circulating endothelial microparticles in overweight and obese women at elevated risk of type 2 diabetes

“…There is limited research investigating the effects of exercise on EMPs, particularly in individuals with overweight/obesity. In one study, it was shown that six months of aerobic exercise training reduced CD62E+ EMPs by ∼38% and ∼59% in overweight/obese, sedentary and non‐diabetic African Americans with low or high levels of inflammation, respectively (Kretzschmar et al., 2017). Landsford et al.…”

“…There is limited research investigating the effects of exercise on EMPs, particularly in individuals with overweight/obesity. In one study, it was shown that six months of aerobic exercise training reduced CD62E+ EMPs by ∼38% and ∼59% in overweight/obese, sedentary and non-diabetic African Americans with low or high levels of inflammation, respectively (Kretzschmar et al, 2017). Landsford et al have shown that a short bout of continuous training increased CD62E+ EMPs up to 120 min post-exercise (with pronounced results in men but not women) compared to baseline levels (Lansford, 2016).…”