Differential responses in the biotransformation systems of the oyster Crassostrea gasar (Adanson, 1757) elicited by pyrene and fluorene: molecular, biochemical and histological approach - Part I

Zacchi, Flávia L.; Reis, Isis Mayna Martins dos; Siebert, Marília Nardelli; Mattos, Jacó Joaquim; Flores-Nunes, Fabrício; Toledo-Silva, Guilherme; Piazza, Clei Endrigo; Bı́cego, Márcia Caruso; Taniguchi, Satie; Bainy, Afonso Celso Dias

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105318

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Degradation of the alimentary canal was observed, with HEWAF-treated juvenile C. virginica exhibiting digestive tubule atrophy and necrosis, luminal dilation, ulcers, inflammation of the stomach and labial palps, hypertrophic and overrepresented mucous cells in the lumen along with a truncation in the height of luminal epithelial cells (Vignier et al, 2018). Similar digestive tubule atrophy was also observed in C. tulipa and M. gigas exposed to Pyr or crude oil HEWAF, while an increase in mantle mucosal cells was seen in C. tulipa exposed to Pyr and M. gigas exposed to Flu (Luna-Acosta et al, 2017;Zacchi et al, 2019;dos Reis et al, 2020). The increase in mucous cells in the lumen was accompanied by excess mucus as well as hemocyte diapedesis in the alimentary tract as a possible strategy to expel xenobiotics (Luna-Acosta et al, 2017;Vignier et al, 2018).…”

Section: Histology and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 65%

“…An increase in phase I metabolic protein transcripts and activity upon PAH-exposure thus suggest that a detoxification response has been initiated. Pyr has been found to cause significant initial spikes in the CYP proteins CYP3475C1, CYP2AU1, CYP2-like, and CYP356A transcripts in C. tulipa that dropped back to base levels by 96 h post treatment (Zacchi et al, 2019), while Flu exposure elicited a similar upregulation of CYP2AU2 in M. gigas (dos Reis et al, 2020). Potentially more lasting reactions were observed in C. tulipa individuals exposed to Flu, with significantly elevated levels of CYP2AU1 96 h post treatment, even though other CYP protein transcripts remained insignificantly changed (Zacchi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Chemical Biomarkers: Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pyr has been found to cause significant initial spikes in the CYP proteins CYP3475C1, CYP2AU1, CYP2-like, and CYP356A transcripts in C. tulipa that dropped back to base levels by 96 h post treatment (Zacchi et al, 2019), while Flu exposure elicited a similar upregulation of CYP2AU2 in M. gigas (dos Reis et al, 2020). Potentially more lasting reactions were observed in C. tulipa individuals exposed to Flu, with significantly elevated levels of CYP2AU1 96 h post treatment, even though other CYP protein transcripts remained insignificantly changed (Zacchi et al, 2019). These results may be exhibiting a species-dependent response, in which "species" could ambiguously refer to either the organism or the PAH, or simple unreliability as biomarkers for PAH toxicity.…”

Section: Chemical Biomarkers: Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other pathways involve the conjugation of xenobiotics into sulfate esters by sulfotransferases (SULT) to facilitate excretion as well (Croom, 2012). Both enzymes experienced the similar, aforementioned short-term upregulation in C. tulipa and M. gigas exposed to Pyr and Flu, respectively (Zacchi et al, 2019;dos Reis et al, 2020). Overall, since the act of removal of PAHs causes its bioactivation as a toxicant, a constant supply of antioxidants is needed to prevent oxidative damage during PAH metabolism.…”

Section: Chemical Biomarkers: Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Accumulation on Oyster Health

Gan

Martin

2021

Front. Physiol.

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In the past decade, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill triggered a spike in investigatory effort on the effects of crude oil chemicals, most notably polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), on marine organisms and ecosystems. Oysters, susceptible to both waterborne and sediment-bound contaminants due to their filter-feeding and sessile nature, have become of great interest among scientists as both a bioindicator and model organism for research on environmental stressors. It has been shown in many parts of the world that PAHs readily bioaccumulate in the soft tissues of oysters. Subsequent experiments have highlighted the negative effects associated with exposure to PAHs including the upregulation of antioxidant and detoxifying gene transcripts and enzyme activities such as Superoxide dismutase, Cytochrome P450 enzymes, and Glutathione S-transferase, reduction in DNA integrity, increased infection prevalence, and reduced and abnormal larval growth. Much of these effects could be attributed to either oxidative damage, or a reallocation of energy away from critical biological processes such as reproduction and calcification toward health maintenance. Additional abiotic stressors including increased temperature, reduced salinity, and reduced pH may change how the oyster responds to environmental contaminants and may compound the negative effects of PAH exposure. The negative effects of acidification and longer-term salinity changes appear to add onto that of PAH toxicity, while shorter-term salinity changes may induce mechanisms that reduce PAH exposure. Elevated temperatures, on the other hand, cause such large physiological effects on their own that additional PAH exposure either fails to cause any significant effects or that the effects have little discernable pattern. In this review, the oyster is recognized as a model organism for the study of negative anthropogenic impacts on the environment, and the effects of various environmental stressors on the oyster model are compared, while synergistic effects of these stressors to PAH exposure are considered. Lastly, the understudied effects of PAH photo-toxicity on oysters reveals drastic increases to the toxicity of PAHs via photooxidation and the formation of quinones. The consequences of the interaction between local and global environmental stressors thus provide a glimpse into the differential response to anthropogenic impacts across regions of the world.

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Section: Histology and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Chemical Biomarkers: Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Biomarkers: Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Biomarkers: Antioxidant and Metabolic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Accumulation on Oyster Health

Gan

Martin

2021

Front. Physiol.

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show abstract

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of organic compounds that have two or more fused aromatic rings and negatively affect organisms, including carcinogenicity, teratogenesis, and mutagenicity (Isobe et al, 2007;Lazartigues et al, 2010;Zacchi et al, 2019). Polychaete worms are important vectors that can biotransform PAHs in coastal environments (Driscoll and Mcelroy, 1997;Christensen et al, 2002) based on a mechanism that increases their water solubility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%