A novel detection system based on the fluorescence quenching of CdS-Ag 2 S quantum dots (QDs) was designed for the direct measurement of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Experimental results showed that an excellent response to the concentrations of H 2 O 2 was found within the range from 1.0 Â 10 À6 to 1.0 Â 10 À2 M with a detection limit of 3.0 Â 10 À7 M. The CdS-Ag 2 S QDs have been synthesized at room temperature in an aqueous solution using thioglycollic acid as stabilizing agents, which were spectratunable and water-soluble. Different influencing factors including pH, variable ratio of [Cd 2+ ]/[S 2À ], dopant concentration, precursor concentration, and aging time of CdS-Ag 2 S QDs were studied. It was found that the emission colors of the prepared CdS-Ag 2 S QDs could be readily tuned from green to red by varying pH. Furthermore, the CdS-Ag 2 S QDs were characterized by fluorescence and time-resolved emission spectroscopy, TEM, EDX, XRD, XPS, ESR. The long decay times, large surface area, and good chemical stability of the CdS-Ag 2 S QDs have made this material suitable as a fluorescence probe.