Differential Sensitivity of the Species of Candida parapsilosis Sensu Lato Complex Against Statins

Szenzenstein, Judit; Gácser, Attila; Grózer, Zsuzsanna; Farkas, Zoltán; Nagy, Katalin; Vágvölgyi, Csaba; Márki-Zay, János; Pfeiffer, Ilona

doi:10.1007/s11046-013-9689-1

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…While reviewing the literature, it was observed that not all Candida species were equally susceptible to the statin inhibitory effect, but C. albicans was the most sensitive. 22 This may explain the wide discrepancy in the prevalence of C. albicans between the HLS group (18%) and the HLNS group (30%) observed in the present study. It would be valuable for this observation to undergo further investigation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Effect of statin therapy on oral Candida carriage in hyperlipidemia patients: A pioneer study

Darwazeh¹,

Al-Shorman²,

Mrayan³

2022

Dent. Med. Probl.

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Background. Hyperlipidemia affects about 25% of the adult population globally. Statins are the most commonly used drugs in the management of hyperlipidemia. Laboratory and retrospective clinical stu dies have observed the inhibitory effects of statins on the growth of different Candida species. The effect of statin therapy on oral Candida carriage has not yet been investigated.Objectives. This pioneer controlled study aimed to assess and compare asymptomatic oral Candida car riage in a group of 50 hyperlipidemic patients who were on regular statin therapy (HLS group) and in a control group of 50 subjects, matched in terms of gender, age and dental status, who were hyperlipid emic, but not on statin therapy (HLNS group).Material and methods. The patients were recruited from the outpatient clinics of 2 university hospitals. The concentrated oral rinse technique was used to isolate oral Candida species in both groups. Candida species were identified using the germ tube test and the VITEK ® 2 system.Results. The Candida prevalence and colony count were significantly lower in the HLS group as compared to the HLNS group (n = 20, 40% vs. n = 30, 60%, respectively; p = 0.040). There was no significant dif ference in the oral Candida prevalence or colony count between different age groups in either the statin or control subjects. Conclusions.Statin therapy is associated with a reduction in oral Candida carriage in both prevalence and the colony count in hyperlipidemic patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Effect of statin therapy on oral Candida carriage in hyperlipidemia patients: A pioneer study

Darwazeh¹,

Al-Shorman²,

Mrayan³

2022

Dent. Med. Probl.

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“…Again, assessing whether these genomic differences effectively confer some increased resistance to antifungal drugs needs to be established experimentally. Susceptibility to some drugs has only been studied in MCO456 in a comparative analysis with other C. parapsilosis complex species (Szenzenstein et al 2013). In that study, MIC 100 value in liquid medium (100% growth inhibition) of atorvastatin was 25 mg/ml for C. parapsilosis and 50 mg/ml for C. orthopsilosis (MCO456).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Comparison of Candida orthopsilosis Clinical Strains Reveals the Existence of Hybrids between Two Distinct Subspecies

Pryszcz¹,

Németh²,

Gácser³

et al. 2014

Genome Biology and Evolution

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104

172

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The Candida parapsilosis species complex comprises a group of emerging human pathogens of varying virulence. This complex was recently subdivided into three different species: C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, C. metapsilosis, and C. orthopsilosis. Within the latter, at least two clearly distinct subspecies seem to be present among clinical isolates (Type 1 and Type 2). To gain insight into the genomic differences between these subspecies, we undertook the sequencing of a clinical isolate classified as Type 1 and compared it with the available sequence of a Type 2 clinical strain. Unexpectedly, the analysis of the newly sequenced strain revealed a highly heterozygous genome, which we show to be the consequence of a hybridization event between both identified subspecies. This implicitly suggests that C. orthopsilosis is able to mate, a so-far unanswered question. The resulting hybrid shows a chimeric genome that maintains a similar gene dosage from both parental lineages and displays ongoing loss of heterozygosity. Several of the differences found between the gene content in both strains relate to virulent-related families, with the hybrid strain presenting a higher copy number of genes coding for efflux pumps or secreted lipases. Remarkably, two clinical strains isolated from distant geographical locations (Texas and Singapore) are descendants of the same hybrid line, raising the intriguing possibility of a relationship between the hybridization event and the global spread of a virulent clone.

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“…Candida albicans SC5314 ( Gillum et al, 1984 ), C. parapsilosis sensu stricto SZMC 8110, C. orthopsilosis SZMC 1545, and C. metapsilosis SZMC 1548 ( Szenzenstein et al, 2013 ) were used in this study. Cells were propagated at 30°C in Sabouraud broth [1% (w/v) mycological peptone, 4% (w/v) glucose], and maintained in plates containing medium added with 2% (w/v) agar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a versatile yeast-like organism that, at difference of other pathogenic Candida species, can be found colonizing non-human organisms and inert material from the environment ( Trofa et al, 2008 ). This organism is in fact a complex of three closely related species: C. parapsilosis sensu stricto , Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis ( Tavanti et al, 2005 ); which have subtle, but key differences in terms of virulence ( Nemeth et al, 2013 ; Gago et al, 2014 ), drug sensitivity ( Spreghini et al, 2012 ; Szenzenstein et al, 2013 ), and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes ( Trevino-Rangel Rde et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Members of the Candida parapsilosis Complex and Candida albicans are Differentially Recognized by Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

et al. 2016

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The systemic infections caused by members of the Candida parapsilosis complex are currently associated to high morbility and mortality rates, and are considered as relevant as those caused by Candida albicans. Since the fungal cell wall is the first point of contact with the host cells, here we performed a comparison of this organelle in members of the C. parapsilosis complex, and its relevance during interaction with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We found that the wall of the C. parapsilosis complex members is similar in composition, but differs to that from C. albicans, with less mannan content and more β-glucan and porosity levels. Furthermore, lectin-based analysis showed increased chitin and β1,3-glucan exposure at the surface of C. parapsilosis sensu lato when compared to C. albicans. Yeast cells of members of the C. parapsilosis complex stimulated more cytokine production by human PBMCs than C. albicans cells; and this significantly changed upon removal of O-linked mannans, indicating this wall component plays a significant role in cytokine stimulation by C. parapsilosis sensu lato. When inner wall components were exposed on the wall surface, C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and C. metapsilosis, but not C. orthopsilosis, stimulated higher cytokine production. Moreover, we found a strong dependency on β1,3-glucan recognition for the members of the C. parapsilosis complex, but not for live C. albicans cells; whereas TLR4 was required for TNFα production by the three members of the complex, and stimulation of IL-6 by C. orthopsilosis. Mannose receptor had a significant role during TNFα and IL-1β stimulation by members of the complex. Finally, we demonstrated that purified N- and O-mannans from either C. parapsilosis sensu lato or C. albicans are capable to block the recognition of these pathogens by human PBMCs. Together; our results suggest that the innate immune recognition of the members of the C. parapsilosis complex is differential of that reported for C. albicans. In addition, we propose that purified cell wall mannans can be used as antagonist to block specific receptors on innate immune cells.

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Differential Sensitivity of the Species of Candida parapsilosis Sensu Lato Complex Against Statins

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of statin therapy on oral Candida carriage in hyperlipidemia patients: A pioneer study

Effect of statin therapy on oral Candida carriage in hyperlipidemia patients: A pioneer study

Genome Comparison of Candida orthopsilosis Clinical Strains Reveals the Existence of Hybrids between Two Distinct Subspecies

Members of the Candida parapsilosis Complex and Candida albicans are Differentially Recognized by Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

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