Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Children: A UK Multicentre Review and Review of the Literature

Lee, Karla A.; Sharabiani, Mansour T. A.; Tumino, Dario; Wadsley, Jonathan; Gill, Vanessa; Gerrard, G.; Sindhu, Ram K.; Gaze, Mark; Moss, Laura; Newbold, Kate

doi:10.1016/j.clon.2019.02.005

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Compared to DTC in adulthood, children show different clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics [22], with a higher rate of LN (50-75%) and DM (6-33%) [8,[23][24][25]. Our findings are consistent with previous reports, with a rate of LN metastases and DM at presentation of 67% and 31%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Despite the extensive disease at presentation, pediatric patients have an almost 100% 10-year disease-specific survival [8][9][10][11]24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with DTC in adulthood, children disclose more frequently advanced disease at presentation, including a higher rate of lymph node (LN) and distant metastases (DM) [6][7][8], although screening may lead to the diagnosis of an increased number of patients with localized low-volume disease. The 10-year disease-specific survival rate is almost 100% [9][10][11], and most of the rare cancer-related deaths occur several decades after initial treatment, at an adult age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents: Long Term Outcome and Risk Factors for Persistent Disease

Sapuppo

Hartl

Fresneau

et al. 2021

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer (P-DTC) frequently presents with advanced disease. The study aim was to evaluate the outcome of P-DTC and a modified 2015 American Thyroid Association risk classification (ATA-R). Methods: A retrospective study of consecutive P-DTC patients was performed. The ATA-R for P-DTC was used with a cut-off of ≤ 5 N1a for low-risk. The outcome could be excellent response (ER) (thyroglobulin < 1 ng/mL and no evidence of disease (EoD) at imaging), biochemical incomplete response (BIR) (thyroglobulin ≥ 1 ng/mL and no EoD at imaging) or structural incomplete response (SIR) (EoD at imaging). Results: We studied 260 P-DTC (70% females; median age at diagnosis 14 years; 93% total thyroidectomy and 82% lymph node dissection). The ATA-R was low in 30% cases, intermediate in 15% and high in 55%, including 31.5% with distant metastases. Radioiodine treatment was administered in 218 (83.8%), and further radioiodine and surgery was performed in 113 (52%) and 76 (29%) patients, respectively. After a median follow-up of 8.2 years, the outcome was ER in 193 (74.3%), BIR in 17 (6.5%) and SIR in 50 (19.2%). Independent predictors of SIR or BIR at first and last visits were ATA-R intermediate or high. Conclusion: P-DTC has an excellent prognosis. Modified ATA-R is a useful prognostic tool in P-DTC to guide management.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Despite the extensive disease at presentation, pediatric patients have an almost 100% 10-year disease-specific survival [8][9][10][11]24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in Children and Adolescents: Long Term Outcome and Risk Factors for Persistent Disease

Sapuppo

Hartl

Fresneau

et al. 2021

Cancers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Children are more likely to have advanced disease at presentation, but their outlook with this treatment is excellent. 18 Neuroblastoma is another important paediatric indication for molecular radiotherapy. Iodine-131 labelled meta-iodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) therapy has been available for over 30 years but is now increasingly being evaluated in clinical trials aimed at optimising its use.…”

Section: Molecular Radiotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Contemporary paediatric radiation oncology

Boterberg¹,

Dunlea

Harrabi

et al. 2022

Arch Dis Child

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Treatment with ionising radiation is a valuable component of treatment schedules for a many children and young people with cancer. While some form of radiotherapy has been in use for over 100 years, a series of innovations has revolutionised paediatric radiation oncology. Mostly, high-energy X-ray photons are used, but proton beam radiotherapy is increasingly offered, especially in children and young people. This is to reduce the radiation exposure of healthy normal tissues and so the likelihood of adverse effects. Other methods of radiotherapy delivery include brachytherapy and molecular radiotherapy. The most appropriate treatment technique should be selected for every child. Advances in computers and imaging, developments in the technology of radiation delivery and a better understanding of pathology and molecular biology of cancer, coupled with parallel improvements in surgery and systemic therapy, have led to a transformation of practice in recent decades. Initially an empirical art form, radiotherapy for children has become a technically advanced, evidence-based cornerstone of increasingly personalised cancer medicine with solid scientific foundations. Late sequelae of treatment—the adverse effects once accepted as the cost of cure—have been significantly reduced in parallel with increased survival rates. The delivery of radiotherapy to children and young people requires a specialised multiprofessional team including radiation oncologists, therapeutic radiographers, play specialists and physicists among others. This article reviews the types of radiotherapy now available and outlines the pathway of the child through treatment. It aims to demonstrate to paediatricians how contemporary paediatric radiation oncology differs from past practice.

show abstract

“…Figure 1 shows the response to treatment. Overall, outcomes for children and young people with differentiated thyroid cancer are excellent, even with advanced disease, as a result of 131 I MRT [4]. However, possibly not all children require radioiodine ablation following surgery for low-risk disease.…”

Section: Differentiated Thyroid Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%