Differentiation and Clinical Implications of Postpartum Depression and Postpartum Psychosis

Doucet, Shelley; Dennis, Cindy‐Lee; Létourneau, Nicole; Blackmore, Emma Robertson

doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01019.x

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…PP symptoms are similar to mania or affective psychosis independent of the pueperium and are not qualitatively different to psychosis outside the postpartum (Doucet et al, 2009). Interestingly, it has also been demonstrated that individuals in the general population and non-clinical groups experience psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, typically similar to those observed in clinical populations (Fleming & Martin, 2010;Stip & Letourneau, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Evidence to support these factors is inconsistent across studies (Doucet et al, 2009); hence, the key theoretical explanations for the aetiology of PP remain genetic, biochemical and endocrine (National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), 2007). Psychological factors have been examined, albeit to a lesser extent, but to date have failed to show evidence of a causal relationship (Brockington, Martin, Brown, Goldberg, & Margison, 1990;Dowlatshahi & Paykel, 1990;Paykel, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Hospitalisation is often required (Doucet et al, 2009) and recommended (NICE, 2007). Current options for treatment and care situate the management of PP firmly within a biomedical paradigm, potentially side-lining exploration of alternative explanations of both the development of PP and treatment possibilities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Puerperal psychosis – a qualitative study of women’s experiences

Glover

Jomeen

Urquhart

et al. 2014

Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology

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Objective: This study explored women's experience of puerperal psychosis (PP) and their perceptions of its cause, in order to contribute to an increased understanding of PP and promote consideration of new management perspectives. Background: Out of every 1000 live births, approximately one to two women will develop PP. The numbers are relatively small, yet the consequences can be devastating. Key theoretical explanations for the aetiology of PP are genetic, biochemical and endocrine. A small and relatively tenuous evidence base considers PP from a psychological perspective, despite acknowledgement of the need for broader understanding. A stress-vulnerability model has offered a contemporary explanation of psychotic symptoms in other contexts and non-clinical populations and may offer useful insight in relation to a psychobiological model of PP. Methods: In a qualitative study, seven women who had been diagnosed with PP previously were interviewed and the data subjected to an inductive thematic analysis. Trustworthiness and rigour of the study was assured by careful monitoring of the research process and data checking. Results: Four themes were identified -The path to PP; Unspeakable thoughts and unacceptable self; 'Snap out of it'; and Perceived causes. While women attributed their PP to the physiological changes associated with childbirth, their accounts of PP began before and during pregnancy. Women highlighted stressful pregnancies characterised by significant challenges and emotions, difficult births and unsupportive family relationships postnatally. The experience of PP was extremely distressing. Conclusion: Findings add to the debate about a more multifaceted explanation of PP and potentially offer a psychobiological model of understanding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Puerperal psychosis – a qualitative study of women’s experiences

Glover

Jomeen

Urquhart

et al. 2014

Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology

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“…2 If the answer is "yes" to any of these questions, a complete medical history and diagnostic workup should be completed. 3 After the baby' s delivery, a woman who' s at risk for PP should be monitored more closely to ensure that she isn't having postpartum distress. Closely monitor postpartum women who lack family support, those who had a complicated pregnancy or delivery, those with high life stressors or emotional adjustment issues, and those with a high-needs baby because they're at higher risk for developing PP from the hormonal changes following delivery.…”

Section: Screening For Ppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond “baby blues”

Rosinger

Kautz²

2012

Nursing

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“…Studies in different cultures have shown that the prevalence of the postpartum depression is 10% to 15% (9). The prevalence of postpartum depression has been reported in different studies from 4.5% to 28% (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish-Oil Supplementation and Maternal Mental Health: A Triple-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Farshbaf‐Khalili¹,

Mohammadalizadeh²,

Farshbaf-Khalili³

et al. 2016

Iran Red Crescent Med J

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fish oil supplementation on antenatal and postpartum depression score. Methods:This was a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. We enrolled 150 eligible pregnant women with Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) score of less than 20, aged 18 to 35 from Feburary 2014 to April 2015 in Tabriz, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 1000 mg of fish oil supplements or placebo from 16 -20 weeks of gestation to one month after giving birth. Participants completed the EPDS at baseline, 26 -30 weeks, 35 -37 weeks, and 30 -45 days after birth. Primary outcome measures were the mean depression score at 26 -30 weeks, 35-37 weeks, and postpartum period. The statistical analysis was intent-to-treat. Results:A total of 150 females were included, and no one was lost to follow up. There were significant differences between the two groups in the mean score of depression only at 35 -37 (adjusted mean difference = -1.4; [95% CI -2.6 to -0.25]). The mean score of depression during pregnancy and postpartum period significantly decreased within the fish oil group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the baseline docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaneoic acid (EPA) serum levels. Conclusions:Fish oil supplements significantly decreased the mean score of EPDS at weeks 35 to 37. It seems that females may benefit from daily fish oil supplements during pregnancy especially in countries with low intake of fish yet further studies are needed to confirm these results.

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Differentiation and Clinical Implications of Postpartum Depression and Postpartum Psychosis

Cited by 40 publications

References 98 publications

Puerperal psychosis – a qualitative study of women’s experiences

Puerperal psychosis – a qualitative study of women’s experiences

Beyond “baby blues”

Fish-Oil Supplementation and Maternal Mental Health: A Triple-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

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