Differentiation between Debaryomyces hansenii/Candida famata complex and Candida guilliermondii by polymerase chain reaction

Nishikawa, Akemi; Sugita, Takashi; Saitô, Takako

doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.1997.tb01081.x

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The difficulty in differentiating C. famata from C. guilliermondii by phenotypic methods is well known (5,16,42,43). This is shown very clearly to be the case for the Vitek 2 yeast identification card in the present study.…”

Section: Dna-sequencing Identification Results Compared To Those Of Vsupporting

confidence: 56%

Candida guilliermondii and Other Species of Candida Misidentified as Candida famata: Assessment by Vitek 2, DNA Sequencing Analysis, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry in Two Global Antifungal Surveillance Programs

et al. 2013

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bCandida famata (teleomorph Debaryomyces hansenii) has been described as a medically relevant yeast, and this species has been included in many commercial identification systems that are currently used in clinical laboratories. Among 53 strains collected during the SENTRY and ARTEMIS surveillance programs and previously identified as C. famata (includes all submitted strains with this identification) by a variety of commercial methods (Vitek, MicroScan, API, and AuxaColor), DNA sequencing methods demonstrated that 19 strains were C. guilliermondii, 14 were C. parapsilosis, 5 were C. lusitaniae, 4 were C. albicans, and 3 were C. tropicalis, and five isolates belonged to other Candida species (two C. fermentati and one each C. intermedia, C. pelliculosa, and Pichia fabianni). Additionally, three misidentified C. famata strains were correctly identified as Kodomaea ohmeri, Debaryomyces nepalensis, and Debaryomyces fabryi using intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) and/or intergenic spacer (IGS) sequencing. The Vitek 2 system identified three isolates with high confidence to be C. famata and another 15 with low confidence between C. famata and C. guilliermondii or C. parapsilosis, displaying only 56.6% agreement with DNA sequencing results. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) results displayed 81.1% agreement with DNA sequencing. One strain each of C. metapsilosis, C. fermentati, and C. intermedia demonstrated a low score for identification (<2.0) in the MALDI Biotyper. K. ohmeri, D. nepalensis, and D. fabryi identified by DNA sequencing in this study were not in the current database for the MALDI Biotyper. These results suggest that the occurrence of C. famata in fungal infections is much lower than previously appreciated and that commercial systems do not produce accurate identifications except for the newly introduced MALDI-TOF instruments.

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Section: Dna-sequencing Identification Results Compared To Those Of Vsupporting

confidence: 56%

Candida guilliermondii and Other Species of Candida Misidentified as Candida famata: Assessment by Vitek 2, DNA Sequencing Analysis, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry in Two Global Antifungal Surveillance Programs

et al. 2013

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“…In our analyses, some carbon assimilation profiles were shared by the two species, one of the codes being a frequent code for both (see Table S2 in the supplemental material), and the similarity of the ITS and 26S sequences was greater than 98%. In 1997, Nishikawa et al designed specific primers in the large subunit region to differentiate D. hansenii and P. guilliermondii (17). Lan and Xu in 2006 proposed the sequencing of the RIBO gene to differentiate P. caribbica and P. guilliermondii, but the sequences seem too divergent within the same species (14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, this species and its anamorphic state Candida guilliermondii accounts for 1 to 2% of all candidemia (14,23). However, the species D. hansenii (Candida famata) and P. guilliermondii are extremely difficult to differentiate phenotypically (17,18). Thus, frequent errors in identification occur.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Debaryomyces hansenii ( Candida famata ), a Rare Human Fungal Pathogen Often Misidentified as Pichia guilliermondii ( Candida guilliermondii )

et al. 2008

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Debaryomyces hansenii is a hemiascomycetous yeast commonly found in natural substrates and in various types of cheese. Pichia guilliermondii is widely distributed in nature and is a common constituent of the normal human microflora. Both species have been described in human infections but are extremely difficult to differentiate phenotypically. Thus, frequent errors in identification occur. The 62 clinical and environmental isolates sent between 2000 and 2007 to the French National Reference Center for Mycoses and Antifungals as D. hansenii or P. guilliermondii were analyzed by using the carbon assimilation pattern, the presence of pseudohyphae, and sequencing of the ITS and D1/D2 regions of the rRNA gene. The objective of this study was to assess using nucleotide sequences whether phenotypic identification was accurate and whether phenotypic characteristics could be used to differentiate the two species when sequencing was not available. We found that 58% of the isolates were misidentified and belong to seven different species: P. guilliermondii , P. caribbica , P. jadinii , D. hansenii , Candida palmioleophila , C. haemulonii type II, and Clavispora lusitaniae . In conclusion, D. hansenii may not be as common a human pathogen as previously thought. Sequencing of either ITS or D1/D2 regions is a good tool for differentiating the species more frequently confused with D. hansenii , keeping in mind that reliable databases should be used.

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“…Modern molecular techniques and growing databases on fungal genome sequences have enabled reliable identification to the species level for species with indistinguishable phenotypic characteristics (11,23,24,26,34). One example is the discovery of Candida dubliniensis among C. albicans isolates in 1995 (41).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida palmioleophila: Characterization of a Previously Overlooked Pathogen and Its Unique Susceptibility Profile in Comparison with Five Related Species

Jensen

Arendrup

2011

J Clin Microbiol

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Candida palmioleophila has previously been misidentified as C. famata or C. guilliermondii. We have investigated traditional and modern identification methods for the identification of this and related species. Forty-one clinical isolates previously identified as C. famata or C. guilliermondii and 8 reference strains were included. Color development on CHROMagar, growth temperature ranges, micromorphologies, carbon assimilation (ID32C), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) profiles, and susceptibility profiles (mica-and anidulafungin and itra-, vori-, posa-, and fluconazole MICs were determined by EUCAST method EDef 7.1, and caspofungin MICs were determined by Etest) were determined, and results were compared to those of molecular identification (ITS1 and ITS2 sequencing). The following five different species were identified among the clinical isolates by sequencing, but no C. famata isolates were found: C. guilliermondii (22 isolates), C. palmioleophila (8 isolates), C. fermentati (6 isolates), C. lusitaniae (3 isolates), and C. intermedia (2 isolates). C. palmioleophila developed a distinct scintillating color of turquoise to rose, grew at 40°C, and failed to produce pseudohyphae within 14 days. The ID32C profile for 7/9 C. palmioleophila isolates was 5367352315, and all were unable to hydrolyze esculin (Esc). The six related species were well discriminated by MALDI-TOF MS. The susceptibility pattern for C. palmioleophila was unique, as the echinocandin MICs were low (range, 0.008 to 0.125 g/ml) and fluconazole MICs were high (range, 8 to >16 g/ml). Correct identification of C. palmioleophila is important due to its unique susceptibility profile. Identification is possible yet laborious with conventional techniques, whereas MALDI-TOF MS easily separated the related species.

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Differentiation between Debaryomyces hansenii/Candida famata complex and Candida guilliermondii by polymerase chain reaction

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Candida guilliermondii and Other Species of Candida Misidentified as Candida famata: Assessment by Vitek 2, DNA Sequencing Analysis, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry in Two Global Antifungal Surveillance Programs

Candida guilliermondii and Other Species of Candida Misidentified as Candida famata: Assessment by Vitek 2, DNA Sequencing Analysis, and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry in Two Global Antifungal Surveillance Programs

Debaryomyces hansenii ( Candida famata ), a Rare Human Fungal Pathogen Often Misidentified as Pichia guilliermondii ( Candida guilliermondii )

Candida palmioleophila: Characterization of a Previously Overlooked Pathogen and Its Unique Susceptibility Profile in Comparison with Five Related Species

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