Differentiation between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia/mucometra in bitches by prostaglandin F2α metabolite analysis

Hagman, Ragnvi; Kindahl, H.; Fransson, Boel A.; Bergström, Annika; Holst, Bodil Ström; Lagerstedt, Anne-Sofie

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2005.11.002

Cited by 61 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The clinical signs of SIRS in pyometra are caused by release of cell wall components. Endotoxin is released into the circulation during bacterial growth or via the cell disintegration of Gram negative bacteria (HAGMAN et al, 2006). Nevertheless, the results obtained in this study showed the prevalence of SIRS and that the blood leukocyte counts were similar between cases of E.coli and Gram positive infection (Table 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

The importance of Gram positive bacteria as the cause of canine pyometra

anna

Trautwein

Pretto‐Giordano

et al. 2017

SCA

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E. coli is the main bacteria isolated from infected uterus and bacterial endotoxin can lead to fatal endotoxic shock. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) precedes the endotoxic shock. Thus, early recognition of SIRS is important for patient treatment and prognostic. In Brazil, Gram positive bacteria are responsible for approximately 20% of all pyometra cases, and there is limited information about pathophysiology of shock and tissue injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of Gram positive bacteria to cause SIRS in bitches with pyometra. A prospective follow-up of 67 bitches with pyometra was performed, which were classified as SIRS + and SIRS-on admission. All bitches were surgically treated (ovariohysterectomy), uterine contents were collected in a sterile manner and the material was submitted to microbiological evaluation. Were identified in 55.2% of bitches E. coli (G1), 23.9% other Gram negative bacteria (G2) and 20.9% Gram positive bacteria (G3). The leukocyte profile, serum biochemistry and prevalence of SIRS were similar between the groups. It is concluded that Gram positive bacteria have the capacity to promote tissue damage and can lead the patient to death after SIRS and shock, as well as by E. coli and other Gram negative. Key words: Bacteria etiology. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia. SIRS. ResumoA Escherichia coli é reportada como principal agente etiológico da piometra canina e as endotoxinas bacterianas podem desencadear choque endotóxico e óbito. A síndrome da resposta inflamatória sistêmica (SIRS) antecede o choque e sua identificação pode predizer o prognóstico do paciente. No Brasil, bactérias Gram positivas são responsáveis por aproximadamente 20% dos casos de piometra, e informações a respeito da fisiopatologia do choque ou da lesão tecidual nesses casos são escassos. Assim, o objetivo foi investigar a capacidade de bactérias Gram positivas desencadear SIRS em cadelas com piometra. Foram acompanhadas de maneira prospectiva 67 cadelas com piometra, que na admissão passaram por exame clínico, exames laboratoriais e foram classificadas como SIRS+ e SIRS-. Todos os animais foram tratados cirurgicamente (ovariohisterectomia), o conteúdo uterino foi coletado de forma estéril e o material foi submetido à avaliação microbiológica. Em 55,2% das cadelas foi identificada E. coli (G1), 23,9% outras bactérias Gram negativas (G2) e 20,9% Gram positivas (G3). O perfil leucocitário, a bioquímica sérica e a prevalência de SIRS foram semelhantes entre os grupos. Conclui-se

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

The importance of Gram positive bacteria as the cause of canine pyometra

anna

Trautwein

Pretto‐Giordano

et al. 2017

SCA

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“…In total, 27 female dogs of 17 different breeds were preliminary diagnosed with pyometra using criteria described previously (Hagman et al, 2006b). The diagnosis of pyometra was verified postoperatively by histopathological examination of the uterus and ovaries and/or positive bacteriological culture from the uterine content.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dogs are currently recognized as a more suitable animal species than rodents for studying the development of sepsis (Otto, 2007), and natural sepsis models are highly physiologically relevant. The canine disease pyometra, caused by an opportunistic bacterial infection of the uterus (Hagman et al, 2006b), leads to sepsis in nearly 60% of the cases (Fransson et al, 2007) and is therefore a relevant natural model of sepsis (Conti-Patara et al, 2012). The findings obtained using this model may be important for both human and veterinary medicine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased concentrations of C-reactive protein but not high-mobility group box 1 in dogs with naturally occurring sepsis

Karlsson

Wernersson

Ambrosen

et al. 2013

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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Sepsis is difficult to diagnose and remains a common mortality cause worldwide in both humans and animals. The uterine infection pyometra causes sepsis in more than half of affected dogs and therefore allows the natural physiological development of sepsis to be studied. To find a sepsis-specific biochemical marker that could be combined with conventional clinical criteria for a more robust and quick diagnosis of sepsis, we measured systemic concentrations of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in 23 healthy control dogs and in 27 dogs with pyometra, 74% of which had sepsis.We also measured concentrations of the major acute phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) and an indicator for endotoxaemia, prostaglandin F 2α metabolite (PGM) to assess the relative contribution of HMGB1 to the detection of systemic inflammation and endotoxaemia. We found that HMGB1 concentrations, in line with concentrations of CRP and PGM, were significantly increased in dogs with pyometra, and that concentrations of CRP, but not HMGB1, were significantly higher in dogs with sepsis compared to dogs without sepsis. Although serum HMGB1 did not differ between dogs with or without sepsis and was not correlated with either CRP or PGM concentrations, HMGB1 was correlated with the total white blood cell counts, suggesting an independent regulation and involvement in inflammation.

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“…Common bacteria isolated from pyometra infections in bitches are gram negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pasteurella, Proteus, Pseudomonas spp., which releases lipopolysaccharide structured endotoxine from their cell wall 1, [5][6][7][8] . In the case that infection with predominantly gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli are isolated, endotoxemia has been demonstrated in bitches with pyometra 6,9 . According to the main theories, this bacteria rise as ascending bacterial infections from the host's vaginal/intestinal flora or as descending from urinary tract infection 8, [10][11][12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotoksik Pyometralı Köpeklerde Polimiksin E - Ampisilin Kombinasyonunun Antiendotoksik Etkisinin Araştırılması

Demırel¹,

Küplülü²

2009

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Makale Kodu (Article Code): KVFD-2009-730 SummaryThe aim of this study was to determine the incidence and levels of the gram negative bacterial endotoxin, and to investigate the effects of antiendotoxemic treatment along with operation. Thirty bitches with pyometra were used in this study. The bitches were randomly allocated into two groups as Group I (treated with polymyxin E-ampisillin) and Group II (treated with ampisillin). Samples for bacteriological examination were taken from vagina, vesica urinaria and uterus of all bitches. Blood samples were collected to evaluate biochemical, haematological tests and serum toxine levels before the operation and on 7 days after operation. Gelation was carried out to determine the gram negative bacterial endotoxin level with E-toxate test kit in accordance with gelation system. Gram negative bacteria were isolated 66% in Group I and 80% Group II. Escherichia coli were dominantly (63.4%) isolated from the uteri of 30 bitches with pyometra. Before the operation, serum toxin levels were found in Group I (n=10) 1.2±0.4 EU/ml and in Group II (n=12) 0.9±0.2 EU/ml. Five bitches in Group I and 3 bitches in Group II died on the third day after operation. Survival rate was a positive correlation with toxin levels (r=0.727; P<0.01) and BUN (r=0.539; P<0.01), creatinin (r=0.504, P<0.05) before operation in recovered and dead bitches. Serum toxin levels were not different between Group I (n=6; 0.14±0.02 EU/ml) and Group II (n=11; 0.19±0.01 EU/ml) 7 days after operation. Difference of toxin levels in both groups were different (P<0.05) between the preoperation period and the 7th day after operation. Before the operation and on the 7th day after the operation, in Group I difference between band neutrophil count and in Group II ALT, ALP, BUN, creatinin, RBC, WBC, Hct, band neutrophil and lenphocyte value were found significant (P<0.05). As a result, there was a positive correlation between toxin levels and BUN-creatinin values. Also, the cases that have the increased BUN and creatinin levels along with high toxin levels were trended towards to low survival rate. After operation, in cases that performed with ampicillin were acquired more effective results contrary to the hipothesis according to polymyxin E+ampicillin combination in bitches with pyometra.Keywords: Antiendotoxemic treatment, Bitch, Endotoxemia, Pyometra Endotoksik Pyometralı Köpeklerde Polimiksin E -Ampisilin Kombinasyonunun Antiendotoksik Etkisinin Araştırılması ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı, pyometra olgularında gram negatif bakteriyel endotoksinin görülme sıklığı ve düzeyinin belirlenmesi ve operasyonla birlikte antiendotoksemik tedavi etkinliğinin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışma materyalini pyometra tanısı konulan 30 dişi köpek oluşturdu. Pyometralı köpekler rastgele Grup I (polimiksin E-ampisilin tedavisi olanlar) ve Grup II (ampisilin tedavisi olanlar) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Her olgunun uterus, vagina ve idrar kesesinden mikrobiyolojik svap örnekleri alındı. Operasyon öncesinde ve sonrası 7. günde tüm olguların kan endot...

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Differentiation between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia/mucometra in bitches by prostaglandin F2α metabolite analysis

Cited by 61 publications

References 23 publications

The importance of Gram positive bacteria as the cause of canine pyometra

The importance of Gram positive bacteria as the cause of canine pyometra

Increased concentrations of C-reactive protein but not high-mobility group box 1 in dogs with naturally occurring sepsis

Endotoksik Pyometralı Köpeklerde Polimiksin E - Ampisilin Kombinasyonunun Antiendotoksik Etkisinin Araştırılması

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