Differentiation of<i>Dendrobium</i>Species used as ”Huangcao Shihu” by rDNA ITS Sequence Analysis

Xu, Hong; Wang, Zhengtao; Ding, Xiaoyu; Zhou, Kaiya; Xu, Li

doi:10.1055/s-2005-916228

Cited by 60 publications

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“…O gênero Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) é composto por mais de 1100 espécies amplamente distribuído pelo mundo, vindo desde o sul da Ásia ao leste de Nova Guiné e Austrália (PUCHOOA, 2004;XU et al, 2006). A espécie Dendrobium nobile é uma epífita valorizada pela beleza e colorido de suas flores (NAYAK et al, 2000;LORENZI;SOUZA, 2008), com seu lugar garantido no mercado consumidor.…”

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Efeito do silício na qualidade de flores de Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae)

et al. 2013

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1 ResumoA orquídea Dendrobium nobile Lindl é amplamente cultivada pelo mundo como flor de corte e em vasos. O silício (Si) tem demonstrado efeito benéfico em diversas culturas, como por exemplo: aumentando a rigidez celular, conferindo proteção à fitopatógenos, aumento da capacidade fotossintética, tolerância à seca, promoção de maior crescimento e conservação pós-colheita. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do silício em diferentes concentrações na qualidade de flores da orquídea Dendrobium nobile. Os tratamentos foram realizados com silicato de magnésio (SiMg) nas seguintes concentrações: 0,0; 0,16; 0,32; 0,48 e 0,64g L -1 . As aplicações foram realizadas quinzenalmente via foliar, totalizando quatro aplicações dois meses antes do florescimento. As variáveis avaliadas foram: longevidade das flores, número de flores por vaso e número de brotos por planta. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos de dez repetições. As aplicações foliares de SiMg incrementaram a produção de flores em média de 59% e de brotos em até 66%, mostrando-se mais eficiente de acordo o aumento das concentrações testadas. Observa-se o aumento da longevidade das flores na dose 0,45 g L -1 em até quatro dias. Palavras-chave: Silicato de magnésio, orquídea, nutrição, flor de vaso AbstractThe orchid Dendrobium nobile Lindl is widely cultivated throughout the world as cut and potted flowers. Silicon (Si) has demonstrated beneficial effects on various crops, increasing cell stiffness, giving protection to pathogens, increasing photosynthetic capacity and drought tolerance, promoting higher growth and longevity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of silicon on Dendrobium nobile orchid flowers. Treatments were performed with magnesium silicate (SiMg) at the following concentrations: 0.0, 0.16; 0.32; 0.48 and 0.64 g L -1 . The foliar applications were carried out fortnightly totaling four applications two months before flowering. The variables evaluated were: longevity of flowers, number of flowers per pot and number of shoots per plant. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments and ten replications. The foliar applications of SiMg increased 59% flower production and shoots up to 66%, being more efficient with the increasing of concentrations. The increasing of longevity of the flowers in the dose 0.45 g L-1 was up to four days.

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“…A espécie Dendrobium nobile é uma epífita valorizada pela beleza e colorido de suas flores (NAYAK et al, 2000;LORENZI;SOUZA, 2008), com seu lugar garantido no mercado consumidor. Além do seu uso como planta ornamental, vem sendo também referenciada pela literatura chinesa como planta medicinal (YE; QIN; ZHAO, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito do silício na qualidade de flores de Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae)

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“…Because the popularity of ITS in phylogeny derived from several merits, such as biparental inheritance, universality, simplicity, intragenomic uniformity, intergenomic variability, low functional constraint and high copy number, the ITS is one of the most extensively applied molecular markers for angiosperm phylogenetic inference and genetic relatedness (Álvarez and Wendel, 2003;Biffin et al 2007). It also has been successfully used as a genetic marker for molecular authentication and identification of several medicinal plants and fungi, such as Panax ginseng (Ngan et al 1999;Kim et al 2007), Dendrobium Species (Lau et al 2001;Ding et al 2003;Xu et al 2006), Euphorbia pekinensis (Xue et al 2006), Bupleurum species (Yang et al 2007), Boletus edulis (Lian et al 2008). Furthermore, the specific primers which based on the divergent ITS regions were designed and used for the authentication of the original plants and adulterants.…”

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“…Ding et al (2003) authenticated the stems of Dendrobium officinale in China by the ITS specific primers for diagnostic PCR. Xu et al (2006) designed five pairs of species-specific primers and used them for the rapid PCR identification of five Dendrobium species which listed in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. Lin et al (2006) accurately identified of the bulbs of Pinellia ternata based on the specific primers in ITS regions.…”

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Molecular authentication of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Angelica sinensis based on internal transcribed spacer of nrDNA

He¹,

Tian²,

Liu³

2010

Electro Journal of Biotech

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Abbreviations: AP-PCR: arbitraily primed PCRARMS: amplification-refractory mutation system DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide GC: guanine-cytosine ITS: internal transcribed spacer MP: maximum parsimony nrDNA: nuclear ribosomal DNA RAPD: random amplified polymorphic DNA RFLP: restriction fragment length polymorphism SCAR: sequence characterized amplified region TCM: traditional Chinese medicineTraditionally, the authentication of the traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), Angelica sinensis, is based on slightly different morphological characters and complex compounds. Usually, those methods are simultaneously affected by several factors, leading to subtle and ambiguous results. In this study, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of A. sinensis and seven other Angelica species used as adulterants were sequenced. A pair of specific primers was designed from the polymorphic ITS regions to distinguish A. sinensis from the adulterants and regional substitutes. These ITS-derived primers amplified approximately 520 bp specific fragments from the adulterants, whereas no products was amplified with the DNA of A. sinensis. We tested eight commercially crude materials purchased in the market by using these specific primers. The result showed that there were four samples adulterating A.

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“…We previously succeeded in authenticating different medicinal Dendrobium species by sequencing the rDNA ITS regions. [15][16][17][18] However, the method only identifies individual species and requires more testing steps. In the present study, we have further established a dot blot array targeting the ITS region to authenticate the Dendrobium species and the mixed species from commercial Shihu.…”

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Identification of Dendrobium Species by Dot Blot Hybridization Assay

Hong

Wang

et al. 2010

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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The genus Dendrobium is one of the largest groups of the family Orchidaceae, which contains more than 1500 species distributed in different parts of the world. In China, the genus Dendrobium is composed of 74 species and two varieties, 1) of which the fresh or dried stem of D. nobile, D. officinale, D. fimbiratum and similar species are listed in the Chinese pharmacopoeia as Caulis Dendrobii (Shihu).2) Further, the dried Shihu is divided into two classes -"Huangcao Shihu" and "Fengdou Shihu" according to different botanical source and processing methods. The fresh stems without leaves or flowers of Dendrobium species, especially the processed and dried stems of commercial Shihu, which often come from a variety of Dendrobium species mixed together, have very similar morphological and anatomical characteristics, thus the authentication of different Dendrobium species using the traditional methods is very difficult.Plant species and Chinese medicinal materials identification methods currently used include analysis of morphological, chemical and genetic data. In the last decades, molecular methods, especially DNA sequencing, have been increasingly used for the identification.3-6) High polymorphisms of rDNA can be easily found between inter-species and even intraspecies. The DNA sequences of several traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported; identifying markers were generated via restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) [7][8][9] or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods [10][11][12] based on the polymorphic sequences. A system of designing PCR primers or probes is necessary to differentiate the TCMs in a quality control schedule. Such designed primers or probes would more easily produce identifying markers. Contaminated, broken and small amounts of DNA existing in TCMs frequently result in low reproducibility when molecular techniques are used. Therefore, highly sensitive and specific primers or probes are necessary to produce reliable results. Dot blot hybridization has been employed for the identification of microbes. Carlotti et al. described a rapid, reliable, and efficient tool for identifying 112 Candida krusei strains by dot blot hybridization using a species-specific probe-CkF1,2.13) The probe contained several middle repetitive sequences dispersed in the nontranscribed intergenic region of rDNA estimated to be approximately 10.6 kb in length. They used amounts as small as 60 to 120 ng of target DNA, and the species could be clearly detected by the probe with a nonradioactive label.13) Zeng et al. designed a series of species-specific ITS1-(internal transcribed spacer 1) and ITS2-based probes to successfully identify most of the 159 isolates of fungal pathogens from culture and clinical specimens in a reverse line blot hybridization assay.14) To rapidly authenticate species of TCMs, we need a simple method to deal with the large sample size on the market. We previously succeeded in authenticating different medicinal Dendrobium species by sequencing the rDNA ITS regions.15-18) However, t...

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Differentiation ofDendrobiumSpecies used as ”Huangcao Shihu” by rDNA ITS Sequence Analysis

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Efeito do silício na qualidade de flores de Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae)

Efeito do silício na qualidade de flores de Dendrobium nobile (Orchidaceae)

Molecular authentication of the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Angelica sinensis based on internal transcribed spacer of nrDNA

Identification of Dendrobium Species by Dot Blot Hybridization Assay

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