Differentiation of polyphosphate and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules in an Acinetobacter sp. isolated from activated sludge

Rees, Gavin N.; Vasiliadis, George; May, John W.; Bayly, Ronald C.

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(92)90603-l

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Cells stained with DAPI (4Ј,6Ј-diamidino-2-phenylindole) were prepared and viewed by epifluorescence microscopy as described by Janssen et al (28). Staining for poly-␤-hydroxybutyrate and polyphosphate inclusions was carried out as described by Rees et al (43). Gram staining was performed by using half-strength modified Hucker's crystal violet and triple-strength Gram's iodine, with acetone as the decolorizer and dilute carbol-fuchsin as the counterstain (20).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the First Pure-Culture Representative of Subdivision Two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia

Sangwan

Chen

Hugenholtz

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

167

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The phylum Verrucomicrobia is increasingly recognized as an environmentally significant group of bacteria, particularly in soil habitats. At least six subdivisions of the Verrucomicrobia are resolved by comparative analysis of 16S rRNA genes, mostly obtained directly from environmental samples. To date, only two of these subdivisions (1 and 4) have characterized pure-culture representatives. We have isolated and characterized the first known pure-culture representative of subdivision 2. Strain Ellin428 is an aerobic heterotrophic bacterium that is able to grow with many of the saccharide components of plant biomass but does not grow with amino acids or organic acids other than pyruvate. Cells are yellow, rod-shaped, nonmotile, and gram-stain negative, and they contain peptidoglycan with direct cross-linkages of the A1γ meso-Dpm type. The isolate grows well at 25°C on a variety of standard biological media, including some used in the routine cultivation of bacteria from soil. The pH range for growth is 4.0 to 7.0. Low levels of menaquinones MK-10 and MK-11 were detected. The major cellular fatty acids are C14:0, a-C15:0, C16:1ω7c, and/or 2OH i-C15:0, and C16:0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 61 mol%. We propose a new genus and species, Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., with isolate Ellin428 as the type strain, and a new class for the subdivision to which it belongs, Spartobacteria classis nov. Environmental sequences indicate that the class Spartobacteria is largely represented by globally distributed, abundant, and active soil bacteria

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the First Pure-Culture Representative of Subdivision Two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia

Sangwan

Chen

Hugenholtz

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

167

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“…Simultaneous staining of lipophilic and metachromatic granules in individual cells with Nile blue A and Neisser's methyleneblue was performed as described by Rees et al [53].…”

Section: Staining Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of bacterial communities from activated sludge: Culture-dependent numerical identification versus in situ identification using group- and genus-specific rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes

et al. 1996

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The structures of bacterial communities were studied in activated sludge samples obtained from the aerobic and anaerobic zones of a wastewater treatment plant showing enhanced phosphorous removal. Samples were analyzed by in situ hybridization with oligonucleotide probes complementary to selected regions of the 16S and 23S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) characteristic for defined phylogenetic entities (genera and larger groups). The microbial community structures revealed by molecular techniques were compared with the compositions of culturable bacterial communities, obtained from the characterization of 255 isolates from tryptone-soy (TS) agar and R2A agar. These isolates were characterized by 89 physiological tests and their cellular fatty acid patterns, and identified. Culture-dependent techniques indicated the following distribution: different Aeromonas spp. (2.7-8.3% on R2A agar; 45.0-63.7% on TS agar), Acinetobacter spp. (5.4-9.0% on R2A agar; 5.0-9.1% on TS agar), Pseudomonas spp. (up to 10% on R2A agar) and Shewanella putrefaciens (up to 3.0% on R2A agar), all members of the gamma subclass of Proteobacteria, were isolated most frequently. The relatively rare isolates of the beta subclass were identified as Acidovorax spp., Alcaligenes spp., and Comamonas spp.. The Gram-positive bacteria (high DNA G+C) were assigned mainly to Arthrobacter spp., Microbacterium spp., and Mycobacterium phlei. In order to assess the in situ abundance of the most frequently isolated genus, Aeromonas, two rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes were developed. The two

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“…Functional groups such as ammonia-and nitrite-oxidisers were also screened by FISH. Additional biological stains were applied on granules samples to determine the EPS presence and composition (De Beer et al, 1996;Strathmann et al, 2002;Schmid et al, 2003) and to highlight intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) inclusions (Rees et al, 1992). FISH was also applied on the activated sludge used as inoculum of SBBGR.…”

Section: Demonstrative Sbbgr System and Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Municipal wastewater treatment by a periodic biofilter with granular biomass

Iaconi¹,

Moro²,

López³

et al. 2008

Water Science and Technology

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The paper reports the results obtained during an experimental campaign aimed at transferring aerobic granulation to a demonstrative SBBGR system (i.e., a submerged biofilter that operates in a "fill and draw" mode) for the treatment of municipal wastewater by financial support of the European Commission, within the framework of Life-Environment Programme (PERBIOF Project; www.perbiof-europe.com). The results show that following the generation of granular biomass during the start-up period, the SBBGR was able to remove 80-90% of COD, total suspended solids and ammonia occurring in primary effluent from a municipal wastewater treatment plant even when the minimum hydraulic residence time (i.e., 4 h) was investigated. The process was characterised by a sludge production almost one magnitude order lower than commonly reported for conventional treatment plants. The granular biomass was characterised by a high density (i.e., 150 gTSS/L(biomass)) that allowed a biomass concentration as high as 35 kgTSS/m(3)(bed) to be achieved. Proteobacteria were found as main microbial components of the granular biomass by applying Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH). No significant changes in microbial composition were observed during reactor operation.

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Differentiation of polyphosphate and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules in an Acinetobacter sp. isolated from activated sludge

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the First Pure-Culture Representative of Subdivision Two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia

Chthoniobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., the First Pure-Culture Representative of Subdivision Two, Spartobacteria classis nov., of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia

Characterization of bacterial communities from activated sludge: Culture-dependent numerical identification versus in situ identification using group- and genus-specific rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes

Municipal wastewater treatment by a periodic biofilter with granular biomass

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