“…According to the literature, urethral trauma, pain, hematuria and urethral stricture are closely related to each other, and urethral trauma can damage the mucosa and cause hematuria, pain, urinary tract infections, and narrowing in the urethral stricture in the long term [ 1 , 6 , 30 , 31 ]. The use of a hydrophilic catheter and lubricating gel is effective in preventing and reducing these complications, as well as performing CIC correctly and safely [ 1 , 32 ]. Failure to perform catheterization in accordance with the principles of asepsis results in excessive fluid intake, insufficient catheterization, or an inability to completely empty the urine from the bladder, and the increase in the residual urine volume in the bladder increases the risk of urinary tract infections [ 2 , 6 , 33 ].…”