Diffuse axonal pathology detected with magnetization transfer imaging following brain injury in the pig

McGowan, Joseph C.; McCormack, Timothy M.; Grossman, Robert I.; Mendonça, Renato Ribeiro; Chen, Xiao‐Han; Berlin, Jesse A.; Meaney, David F.; Xu, Bainan; Cecil, Kim M.; McIntosh, Tracy K.; Smith, Douglas H.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1522-2594(199904)41:4<727::aid-mrm11>3.3.co;2-y

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is able to identify abnormalities compatible with DAI is some patients who have normal CT ®ndings (Mittl et al, 1994) and newer imaging modalities, such as MR spectroscopy, may offer the potential for more accurate diagnosis in the acute phase (Smith et al, 1998). Other more specialized MR techniques, such as diffusion-weighted imaging (Liu et al, 1999) and magnetization-transfer imaging (McGowan et al, 1999), are able to demonstrate molecular disarrangement within disrupted white matter tracts and accurately identify areas of axonal pathology. In later stages after injury, MRI is able to provide an estimate of the severity of DAI by quantitative measurements of atrophy of white matter tracts, such as the corpus callosum, and of ventricular enlargement, particularly the third ventricle (Azouvi, 2000).…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse axonal injury in adults

Smith

2003

Trauma

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Diffuse axonal injury is a frequent component of traumatic brain injury that contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. It encompasses a spectrum of injury from mild concussion to deep coma and death. There have been advances in our understanding of the pathophysiological processes that occur after diffuse axonal injury and ionic, immunological and genetic factors all play a role. Improvements in imaging techniques will allow more accurate diagnosis of diffuse injury in the acute phase and greater understanding of the complex pathophysiology might assist in the development of rational and specific therapies. Identification of genetic factors might also allow identification of high-risk patients who would benefit from targeted neuroprotective strategies.

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Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diffuse axonal injury in adults

Smith

2003

Trauma

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Traumatic Axonal Injury: Novel Insights Into Evolution and Identification

Hurley¹,

McGowan²,

Arfanakis³

et al. 2004

JNP

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Cover. (Bottom) An axial contour map (irregular green lines) of areas that are more than 2 standard deviations below normal white matter magnetization transfer ratio in the region of the splenium of the corpus callosum in a patient with traumatic brain injury. (Top) The approximate axial section is indicated (straight green line) on a normal sagittal T1 weighted magnetic resonance (MR) scan. Figure 1. Axial Diffusion TensorImaging. An area with vasogenic edema is visible in the left frontal lobe on the T2 weighted image (arrows). It is much less evident on the mean diffusion-weighted map of the same section, produced by averaging the diffusion-weighted images obtained in all 23 noncolinear directions of the diffusion gradients. The corresponding trace map shows increased diffusivity in the left frontal lobe (arrows). In the fractional anisotropy map of the same section decreased anisotropy is visible in the left anterior portion of the corpus callosum due to the presence of vasogenic edema (arrowhead). Diffusion anisotropy is also decreased in the anterior portion of the left internal and external capsules (arrow), although these regions are characterized by normal T2 and trace values. A box indicates the region of the spenium of the corpus callosum in which a detailed analysis was performed by overlaying contours that correspond to 2 standard deviations (SD) below normal white matter magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Arrows indicate regions in which the MTR was more than 2 SD below normal in these two traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases. Both patients had cognitive impairments consistent with TBI.

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Diffuse axonal pathology detected with magnetization transfer imaging following brain injury in the pig

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Diffuse axonal injury in adults

Diffuse axonal injury in adults

Traumatic Axonal Injury: Novel Insights Into Evolution and Identification

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