Diffuse Reflectance of Powders

Abstract

The propagation of light through powders differs significantly from the propagation of light in a homogeneous material, since the light scatters off points in its path. Colors of powders are related to the fineness of the powder, when the powder is illuminated with white light. As Fourier transform infrared has become more common, the diffuse reflection method has become widely used. Diffuse reflectance is an excellent sampling tool for powdered materials.

Assessment of 83 pharmaceuticals in WWTP influent and effluent samples by UHPLC-MS/MS: Hourly variation

“…Studies have focused on the occurrence, fate, behavior, distribution, and toxicity of pharmaceuticals in wastewater influent and effluent (Gros et al, 2007), sludge (Radjenović et al, 2009), surface water (Rivera-Jaimes et al, 2018), and sediment and soil (Diaz-Cruz et al, 2003;Koba et al, 2018). Pharmaceuticals are released into the environment either as parent compound and as active/inactive metabolites (Christensen, 1998).…”

Application of the evolutionary kinetic Monte Carlo method for the simulation of anisotropic wet etching of sapphire

“…The LS method can realize the three-dimensional simulation of the etch structure, but it does not have the ability to simulate the surface morphology in the wet etching. In addition, the simulation accuracy of the LS method depends on the accuracy of full etch rates [13,14]. Both KMC and CCA methods are atomistic methods, only differing from each other in the way the system is evolved in time, namely, fully sequentially (KMC) and fully in parallel (CCA) [15].…”