Diffused-Line-of-Sight Communication for Mobile and Fixed Underwater Nodes

Guo, Yujian; Kong, Meiwei; Alkhazragi, Omar; Sun, Xiaoqun; Sait, Mohammed; Ng, Tien Khee; Ooi, Boon S.

doi:10.1109/jphot.2020.3030544

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In UWOC systems, water serves as the channel medium and plays a particularly significant role in determining the extent of the optical attenuation. The attenuation of light in water channels is primarily caused by absorption and scattering phenomena [ 24 ]. When light enters an underwater channel, a portion of its power is absorbed by substances such as water, chlorophyll, and humus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

108 m Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Using a 490 nm Blue VECSEL and an AOM

Tian,

Wang,

Shen

et al. 2024

Sensors

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Advanced light sources in the blue-green band are crucial for underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems. Vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs) can produce high output power and good beam quality, making them suitable for UWOC. This paper presents a 108 m distance UWOC based on a 100 mW 490 nm blue VECSEL and an acousto-optic modulator (AOM). The high-quality beam, which is near diffraction-limited, undergoes relatively small optical attenuation when using a conventional avalanche photodiode (APD) as the detector and employing 64-pulse position modulation (PPM). At the time-slot frequency of 50 MHz, the bit error rate (BER) of the UWOC was 2.7 × 10−5. This is the first reported AOM-based UWOC system with a transmission distance over 100 m. The estimated maximum transmission distance may be improved to about 180 m by fully utilizing the detection accuracy of the APD according to the measured attenuation coefficient of the blue VECSEL used. This type of UWOC system, composed of a high-beam-quality light source and a conventional detector, make it more closely suited to practical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

108 m Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Using a 490 nm Blue VECSEL and an AOM

Tian,

Wang,

Shen

et al. 2024

Sensors

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“…The field test of a DLOS mobile UWOC system in terms of resolving PAT issues is studied, as the experimental setup and deployment scenario are shown in Fig. 6(a) [109].…”

Section: B Deployment Of Mobile Dlos-based Optical Iout Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The robustness of the DLOS-based optical IoUT system was tested in a field deployment [109]. The IoUT system was placed in a capsule which was carried by a BlueRobotics T M ROV.…”

Section: B Deployment Of Mobile Dlos-based Optical Iout Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Trend in Optical Internet of Underwater Things

et al. 2022

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Our Earth is a "blue planet" that 70% of the surface is covered by the oceans, but most area of oceans remain largely unexplored. Besides supporting the Earth's ecosystem and moderating climate change, oceans are rich in economically relevant natural resources ready for harvesting, such as fishery, oil and gas, and mineral resources. Ocean observation and monitoring are therefore essential for environmental preservation and sea exploration. With the availability of advanced communication techniques, researchers began to look into distributed data acquisition and ocean interconnectivity, which engendered the concepts of intelligent ocean and the Internet-of-Underwater-Things (IoUT) framework. The framework is gaining traction since one could incorporate fiber sensing, acoustic, radio frequency, and optical wireless communication technologies to establish stable, broad-coverage, and massive ocean networks. The development of underwater internet beyond acoustic communication is still in its relative infancy, and therefore more aggregated research efforts from the related communities will be required to eventually achieve breakthroughs in comprehensive IoUT technologies. This review sheds light on the practical considerations and solutions to the challenges and robustness of the optical IoUT network in terms of channel characterization, turbulence studies, mobility, receiver optimization, and the application layer.

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“…The PPM signal has the advantages of a low duty cycle, high peak power and high energy efficiency. It has been widely studied in the field of optical communication [1][2][3], underwater communication [4,5] and radio communication [6][7][8]. Early PPMs belong to analog modulation technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BER Performance Analysis of Non-Coherent Q-Ary Pulse Position Modulation Receivers on AWGN Channel

Shi¹,

Sun

Tian³

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This paper introduces the structure of a Q-ary pulse position modulation (PPM) signal and presents a noncoherent suboptimal receiver and a noncoherent optimal receiver. Aiming at addressing the lack of an accurate theoretical formula of the bit error rate (BER) of a Q-ary PPM receiver in the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel in the existing literature, the theoretical formulas of the BER of a noncoherent suboptimal receiver and noncoherent optimal receiver are derived, respectively. The simulation results verify the correctness of the theoretical formulas. The theoretical formulas can be applied to a Q-ary PPM system including binary PPM. In addition, the analysis shows that the larger the Q, the better the error performance of the receiver and that the error performance of the optimal receiver is about 2 dB better than that of the suboptimal receiver. The relationship between the threshold coefficient of the suboptimal receiver and the error performance is also given.

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Diffused-Line-of-Sight Communication for Mobile and Fixed Underwater Nodes

Cited by 13 publications

References 37 publications

108 m Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Using a 490 nm Blue VECSEL and an AOM

108 m Underwater Wireless Optical Communication Using a 490 nm Blue VECSEL and an AOM

Current Trend in Optical Internet of Underwater Things

BER Performance Analysis of Non-Coherent Q-Ary Pulse Position Modulation Receivers on AWGN Channel

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