Diffusion Capacity of the Lung in Young and Old Endurance Athletes

Degens, Hans; Rittweger, Jörn; Parviainen, Tapani; Timonen, Kirsi L.; Suominen, Harri; Heinonen, Ari; Korhonen, Mikko

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1345137

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In comparison to previously reported prediction data, the present data show reasonable comparability [31]. However, previous studies on normative equations of diffusing capacity parameters [18 -22] either included fewer subjects [32] or were focused on younger individuals [16,33]. The application of prediction equations to patients with an age range other than the one included in a specific study, may lead to considerable error.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Reference Values for Pulmonary Single-Breath Diffusing Capacity – Results of the “Study of Health in Pomerania”

et al. 2020

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Objectives The assessment of pulmonary single-breath diffusing capacity is a frequently performed diagnostic procedure and considered as an important tool in medical surveillance examinations of pulmonary diseases.The aim of this study was to establish reference equations for pulmonary single-breath diffusing capacity parameters in a representative adult-population across a wide age range and to compare the normative values from this sample with previous ones. Methods Diffusing capacity measurement was carried out in 3566 participants (1811 males) of a cross-sectional, population-based survey (“Study of Health in Pomerania – SHIP”). Results Individuals with cardiopulmonary disorders and current smoking habits were excluded, resulting in 1786 healthy individuals (923 males), aged 20 – 84 years. Prediction equations for both sexes were established by quantile regression analyses, taking into consideration the influence of age, height, weight and former smoking. Conclusion The study provides a novel set of prediction equations for pulmonary single-breath diffusing capacity in an adult Caucasian population. The results are comparable to previously reported equations, underline their importance and draw attention to the need for up-to-date reference equations that adequately take into account both the subjects’ origin, age, anthropometric characteristics and the equipment used.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Reference Values for Pulmonary Single-Breath Diffusing Capacity – Results of the “Study of Health in Pomerania”

et al. 2020

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“…; Degens et al . ). However, none of these studies have examined DLCO responses to exercise above 80% of

{\dot{V}}_{O_{2} \max}

, and only one has measured V C and D M during exercise (Mostyn et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of aerobic fitness on capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity responses to exercise

Tedjasaputra

Bouwsema

Stickland

2016

The Journal of Physiology

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Key points Endurance trained athletes exhibit enhanced cardiovascular function compared to non‐athletes, although it is considered that exercise training does not enhance lung structure and function.An increased pulmonary capillary blood volume at rest is associated with a higher V˙O2 max .In the present study, we compared the diffusion capacity, pulmonary capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity responses to exercise in endurance‐trained males compared to non‐trained males.Exercise diffusion capacity was greater in athletes, secondary to an increased membrane diffusing capacity, and not pulmonary capillary blood volume.Endurance‐trained athletes appear to have differences within the pulmonary membrane that facilitate the increased O2 demand needed for high‐level exercise. AbstractEndurance‐trained athletes exhibit enhanced cardiovascular function compared to non‐athletes, allthough it is generally accepted that exercise training does not enhance lung structure and function. Recent work has shown that an increased resting pulmonary capillary blood volume (V C) is associated with a higher maximum oxygen consumption (V˙O2 max ), although there have been no studies to date examining how aerobic fitness affects the V C response to exercise. Based on previous work, we hypothesized that endurance‐trained athletes will have greater V C compared to non‐athletes during cycling exercise. Fifteen endurance‐trained athletes (HI: V˙O2 max 64.6 ± 1.8 ml kg−1 min−1) and 14 non‐endurance trained males (LO: V˙O2 max 45.0 ± 1.2 ml kg−1 min−1) were matched for age and height. Haemoglobin‐corrected diffusion capacity (DLCO), V C and diffusing membrane capacity (D M) were determined using the Roughton and Forster (1957) multiple fraction of inspired O2 (FIO2)‐DLCO method at baseline and during incremental cycle exercise up to 90% of peak O2 consumption. During exercise, both groups exhibited increases in DLCO, D M and V C with exercise intensity. Athletes had a greater DLCO and greater D M at 80 and 90% of V˙O2 max compared to non‐athletes. However, V C was not different between groups during exercise. In contrast to our hypothesis, exercise V C was not greater in endurance‐trained subjects compared to controls; rather, the increased DLCO in athletes at peak exercise was secondary to an enhanced D M. These findings suggest that endurance‐trained athletes appear to have differences within the pulmonary membrane that facilitate the increased O2 demand needed for high‐level exercise.

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“…Master Athletes regularly compete in sports and demonstrate exceptional physical capability for their age (Rittweger et al 2009 ). They usually retain greater bone, muscle, cardiorespiratory, metabolic and neuronal health compared with non-athletic people of similar age, but it is nevertheless evident that physiological systems decline in older age even in those who remain exceptionally active (Degens et al 2013a , b ; Ireland et al 2014 ; Michaelis et al 2008 ; Pearson et al 2002 ; Power et al 2010 ; Trappe et al 2013 ; Wilks et al 2009 ).…”

Section: Healthy Ageing and Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity in older age: perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty

et al. 2016

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Regular physical activity helps to improve physical and mental functions as well as reverse some effects of chronic disease to keep older people mobile and independent. Despite the highly publicised benefits of physical activity, the overwhelming majority of older people in the United Kingdom do not meet the minimum physical activity levels needed to maintain health. The sedentary lifestyles that predominate in older age results in premature onset of ill health, disease and frailty. Local authorities have a responsibility to promote physical activity amongst older people, but knowing how to stimulate regular activity at the population-level is challenging. The physiological rationale for physical activity, risks of adverse events, societal and psychological factors are discussed with a view to inform public health initiatives for the relatively healthy older person as well as those with physical frailty. The evidence shows that regular physical activity is safe for healthy and for frail older people and the risks of developing major cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, obesity, falls, cognitive impairments, osteoporosis and muscular weakness are decreased by regularly completing activities ranging from low intensity walking through to more vigorous sports and resistance exercises. Yet, participation in physical activities remains low amongst older adults, particularly those living in less affluent areas. Older people may be encouraged to increase their activities if influenced by clinicians, family or friends, keeping costs low and enjoyment high, facilitating group-based activities and raising self-efficacy for exercise.

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Diffusion Capacity of the Lung in Young and Old Endurance Athletes

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Reference Values for Pulmonary Single-Breath Diffusing Capacity – Results of the “Study of Health in Pomerania”

Reference Values for Pulmonary Single-Breath Diffusing Capacity – Results of the “Study of Health in Pomerania”

Effect of aerobic fitness on capillary blood volume and diffusing membrane capacity responses to exercise

Physical activity in older age: perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty

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