Diffusion in a Canyon Within Rough Mountainous Terrain

Start, G.E.; Dickson, C. R.; Wendell, L.L.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1975)014<0333:diacwr>2.0.co;2

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Results of recent tests show that this model predicts concentrations in rough terrain situations with an accuracy comparable to the accuracy normally obtained with Gaussian models in flat terrain. Gaussian models resulted in order-of-magnitude errors for stable flow in a canyon (9). Nevertheless, this type of flow model has limitations given by its potential flow concept and empirical nature of coefficients.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

A Turbulent Flow Model for Use in Numerical Evaluation of Air Quality

Settari

Lantz²

1974

Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology

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Several articles have appeared recently which describe air quality models combining a wind flow calcula,tion with the calculation of pollutant dispersion. Most of them use simplified methods to obtain the wind field. In the present study, one of these methods (termed a modified potential method) is compared with a turbulent flow model based on the solution of the Navier-Stokes equations. A simple model of turbulence, suitable for environmental applications, is developed. The comparative results show that the modified potential model is adequate for many large-scale environmental studies. Its applicability is limited where local effects associated with viscous flow a,re extremely important. Such cases can be nWl'e realistically sitnulated with the tttt'-bulent flow model, although at significantly higher costs.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

A Turbulent Flow Model for Use in Numerical Evaluation of Air Quality

Settari

Lantz²

1974

Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology

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“…Manins and Sawford's (1979a,b) fluctuations in the ‘skin‐flow’ (a few meters deep) were of the order 15 min. Start et al. (1975), during a tracer release (SF6) and oil fog photographic session in Huntington Canyon, Utah, noted that pulsations in the katabatic flow appeared to be associated with tributary canyon interaction.…”

Section: Internal Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manins and Sawford's (1979a,b) fluctuations in the 'skin-flow' (a few meters deep) were of the order 15 min. Start et al (1975), during a tracer release (SF6) and oil fog photographic session in Huntington Canyon, Utah, noted that pulsations in the katabatic flow appeared to be associated with tributary canyon interaction. Citing the Fleagle (1950) mechanism (oscillatory katabatic flow fluctuations during development) as a possible cause, Tyson (1968) found that cold air pulses occurred in approximately 1 hr intervals, and also found turbulent bursts with 20 min intervals near Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.…”

Section: Internal Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational History of Small‐Scale Katabatic Winds in Mid‐Latitudes

Poulos

Zhong

2008

Geography Compass

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Katabatic winds have been the subject of investigation since about the 1840s. These winds, which flow down the topographic gradient as a result of surface cooling, provide a major transport and dispersion mechanism in mountainous regions and affect the energy exchange between the earth's surface and the atmosphere. Various theories of their structure, evolution, and fundamental dynamics have been proposed. Initial interest in katabatic winds, which was prompted by field observations, has been followed by a long history of observational studies. This article reviews observational work undertaken on small‐scale katabatic winds in mid‐latitudes, with an emphasis on the historical background, and recent work on the causes of their variation.

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“…However, the lateral plume spread was exceptionally wide indicating that intense horizontal turbulence may be generated by prominent variations in the width and orientation of the river valley. 8 The regression lines through the derived a y and a z values, both of which have a much shallower slope than the corresponding Pasquill family of curves, appear to follow a trend suggested by Bowne who found that vertical dispersion rates were increased whenever the surface roughness under the plume increased. 9 Therefore, in a steep river valley, it is probable that surface roughness will contribute to increases in both lateral and vertical dispersion with the former being more affected.…”

Section: Plume Axis Elevationmentioning

confidence: 99%