2023
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155931
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Diffusion-Limited Processes in Hydrogels with Chosen Applications from Drug Delivery to Electronic Components

Abstract: Diffusion is one of the key nature processes which plays an important role in respiration, digestion, and nutrient transport in cells. In this regard, the present article aims to review various diffusion approaches used to fabricate different functional materials based on hydrogels, unique examples of materials that control diffusion. They have found applications in fields such as drug encapsulation and delivery, nutrient delivery in agriculture, developing materials for regenerative medicine, and creating sti… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…48,49 Moreover, stiffer terpolymer matrix could result in lower diffusion coefficients for oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic by products, thus affecting viability. 50,51 Similar results, were observed with other stiff matrices used for T cell encapsulation, including chitosan 30 and alginate-based 32 scaffolds.…”
Section: Cell Viability and Expansionsupporting
confidence: 81%
“…48,49 Moreover, stiffer terpolymer matrix could result in lower diffusion coefficients for oxygen, nutrients, and metabolic by products, thus affecting viability. 50,51 Similar results, were observed with other stiff matrices used for T cell encapsulation, including chitosan 30 and alginate-based 32 scaffolds.…”
Section: Cell Viability and Expansionsupporting
confidence: 81%
“…This may be associated with the triggered activity of astrocytes since there was no significant increase in LDH release (Figure 3), thus, there was no significant cell death initiated with LPS treatment. Based on the 3D network structure of hydrogels and their ability to act as a barrier membrane to slow down release 29 may create a supportive encapsulating environment for 3D cultured cells, it is believed that a higher concentration of LPS may be required to trigger astrocyte reactivity in vitro .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While ideally, the hydrogel should absorb humidity from the ambient environment, the prevailing trend is the dominant outward diffusion of water [24]. The diffusion of water molecules out of the blend and the segregation of additives, such as glycerol and fillers, are the main mechanisms of the degradation of the eco-friendly devices fabricated with biopolymer over time [24,45,58]. It is noteworthy that through the regeneration process, the blend tends to expel water from the melted matrix (see red arrows).…”
Section: Regeneration Process Of the Aged Device Through Uptakementioning
confidence: 99%