Diffusion Method for the Determination of Acid-Volatile Sulfides (Avs) in Sediment

Brouwer, Henry; Murphy, Tom

doi:10.1897/1552-8618(1994)13[1273:dmftdo]2.0.co;2

Cited by 40 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The core was extruded at 2-cm intervals for the first 10 sections, and the redox potential of each section was measured with an Orion platinum electrode. Core sections were homogenized, and AVS was measured by ion-selective electrodes using a diffusion method (Brouwer and Murphy 1994). Freeze-dried sediments were analyzed by converting the sulfur and carbon content of the sediments into SO 3 and CO 2 , respectively, with a Leco furnace system at 900°C and an infrared detector.…”

Section: Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Release of phosphorus from sediments in Lake Biwa

et al. 2001

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Two sulfur-mediated reactions are resulting in the eutrophication of Lake Biwa, Japan. The iron (II) phosphate mineral vivianite is dissolving in sulfide-enriched sediments that in places results in porewater concentrations of phosphate exceeding 3 mg l Ϫ1 . The dissolution of phosphate is evident in profiles of total phosphorus where zones of dissolution and a zone of precipitation in the most oxic surface sediments are visible. At times sulfate reduction in these surface sediments results in pH values as high as 9.9, which can dissolve phosphate adsorbed to iron (III). This release of phosphorus from sediments is at least partially responsible for the recent appearance of blue-green algal blooms.

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Section: Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Release of phosphorus from sediments in Lake Biwa

et al. 2001

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“…phide AVS was measured by ion selective electrodes Ž . using a diffusion method Brouwer and Murphy, 1994 . Freeze-dried sediment was weighed before and after ashing in a muffle furnace at 490ЊC for 2 h to determine loss on ignition.…”

Section: Sediment Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Algal toxins?Initiators of avian botulism?

Murphy¹,

Lawson²,

Nalewajko

et al. 2000

Environ. Toxicol.

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An outbreak of avian botulism in Whitewater Lake, Manitoba, Canada was associated with reducing sediments. But any linkage between sediments and botulism was only indirect; Clostridium botulinum was not observed in the sediments. The source of the C. botulinum was unclear but carcasses that overwintered appeared to perpetuate the outbreak. The algal toxins anatoxin-a and ( ) microcystin-LR were present 17 ( mg/ L when many birds were moulting and unable to fly, likely making them more sensitive to botulism. The sediment anoxia released phosphorus into lakewater so that concentrations increased from about 73 to 470 mg/ L and enhanced growth of Microcystis and Aphanizomenon. Wind resuspension of sediments resulted in areas with more algal biomass and associated algal toxins. ᮊ

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“…A vigorous agitation was employed to make the sample homogenous prior to sampling from the MFC reactor. AVS was measured as previous reported (Brouwer and Murphy 1994). The LOI was determined according to the method reported by Hong et al (2009a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach to in situ sediment remediation based on air-cathode microbial fuel cells

Yuan

Zhou

2010

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose As an attempt to remove the back color and odor of the organic-rich sediment, a novel tubular air-cathode MFC (TAC-MFC) was constructed and employed for in situ sediment remediation. The biodegradation of organic matter in sediment was stimulated by providing anodic electrode as an electron acceptor. The TAC-MFC was more favorable for application than typical sediment-type MFCs, whose performances are strongly limited due to the drawbacks such as low oxygen availability of cathodes, big electrode spacing, and fouling of cathodes. Materials and methods The TAC-MFC was constructed with a cloth cathode assembly (CCA) structure that consisted of a conductive, catalytic, and waterproof layer to replace the cathode and ionic exchange membrane in a typical MFC. By simply inserting TAC-MFC into the sediment, a whole electrochemical biosystem was established for simultaneous organic matter oxidization and electricity generation. The MFC performance for power generation and sediment bioremediation were evaluated under various external loadings, in terms of power density and the sediment quality parameters including loss on ignition (LOI), readily oxidizable organic matter (ROOM), and acid volatile sulfide (AVS). Results and discussion The highest power density (107.1± 8.6 mW/m 2 ), coulombic efficiency (17.9%), and the lowest internal resistance (20 Ω) were obtained from the TAC-MFC that was loaded with an external resistance of 30 Ω.At the same time, LOI was decreased by about 33.1%, ROOM was decreased by about 36.0%, and AVS was decreased by about 94.9% in the sediment. Under closed circuit conditions, the oxidation and reduction potential value in the sediment increased from −162.5 to +245.7 mV, suggesting that an improved environment of sediment was achieved upon MFC treatment. Conclusions A higher power output was achieved in the proposed TAC-MFC compared with sediment-type MFCs reported in previous literature, indicating that the TAC-MFC with a CCA was a desirable configuration. From the analysis of sediment quality parameters, the proposed MFC was demonstrated to be a potential means for the sediment remediation coupled with electricity production.

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Diffusion Method for the Determination of Acid-Volatile Sulfides (Avs) in Sediment

Cited by 40 publications

References 1 publication

Release of phosphorus from sediments in Lake Biwa

Release of phosphorus from sediments in Lake Biwa

Algal toxins?Initiators of avian botulism?

A new approach to in situ sediment remediation based on air-cathode microbial fuel cells

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