Diffusion of inorganic phosphate into and out of the skeletal muscles and bones of the frog

Eggleton, M. Grace

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1933.sp003024

Cited by 25 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Lactate-Ringer of required strength was prepared by replacing an equivalent amount of sodium chloride in the Ringer by sodium lactate. The pH of the solution used was 7 1, but it was not thought necessary to buffer the Ringer as it was found that for small quantities of Ringer used in the experiments (1-1k times the weight of muscle), the final pH of Ringer was always about 7 4, and this is in agreement with the observation of M. G. Eggleton [1933], who found that the pH of Ringer fluid is ultimately about 7-4 for resting muscles whether the initial pH was 7-1 or 8-0.…”

supporting

confidence: 82%

“…Chloride, on the other hand, is present only in the "interspaces " and none is found in the "cells " (private communication from Dr. P. Eggleton). Inorganic phosphate [M. G. Eggleton, 1933] and lactate are present in both these fractions of muscle water, but under the conditions of the experiment there appears to be no exchange of these ions between the two fractions. But in all these cases it is found that the "interspace" water constitutes about one-third of the total muscle water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Thus it was shown by Eggleton [1930] that urea distributes itself between a muscle and the solution in such a manner as to indicate that the whole of the water of muscle is available to dissolve urea. On the other hand, in the case of inorganic phosphate [M. G. Eggleton, 1933] and carnosine [Eggleton and Eggleton, 1933], only about 30 per cent. of the muscle water seems to be concerned in the diffusion system, and it appears that about 70 per cent.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Diffusion of Lactic Acid Into and Out of the Voluntary Muscles of the Frog

Ghaffar

1935

Exp Physiol

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1. Observations on the diffusion of d‐lactate in and out of resting frog muscle during immersion in a Ringer's solution containing sodium d‐lactate show that only about one‐third of the muscle water appears to be involved in the diffusion process, the rest appearing to be shut off by membranes impermeable to lactate. These two portions of muscle have been termed “interspaces” and “cells” respectively. 2. In the fatigued muscle, the “interspaces” tend to disappear presumably due to a swelling of the “cells” on account of increased osinotic pressure within them. 3. In heat rigor, nearly the whole of the muscle water becomes available for the diffusion of lactate. 4. An excited state of the isolated muscle does not appear to render the membranes bounding the “cells” permeable to lactate. 5. The normal lactic acid concentration in the “cells” of isolated frog muscle is found to be lower than that in the “interspaces,” whether the frog is fresh or has been previously cooled or fatigued. Besides, the muscles in the body appear to maintain a relationship between their lactate concentration in these two fractions. The two values rise and fall together. 6. This relationship in the concentrations in the “cells” and “interspaces” suggests that although diffusion experiments with relaxed isolated muscles indicate complete separation of “cells” from “interspaces” in respect of lactate, the intact animal possesses some mechanism by which a relationship between the concentration of “cells” and “interspaces” is maintained. I am deeply indebted to Dr. P. Eggleton for help and guidance generously given. The expenses of this research were defrayed by a grant from the Moray Endowment Fund.

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confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Diffusion of Lactic Acid Into and Out of the Voluntary Muscles of the Frog

Ghaffar

1935

Exp Physiol

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“…These figures are corroborated by recent analyses of dog muscle made by Hastings (24). Eggleton (25,26) has shown that certain solutes diffuse through all the water of the frog muscle, while other substances diffuse through only 20 to 30 per cent of the water of vital frog muscle, presumably the extracellular portion. After rigor mortis has set in this selective permeability disappears.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%