Diffusion of moisture into two-phase polymers

Jacobs, P. M.; Jones, FR

doi:10.1007/bf01174492

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…(7-15) present the percent weight change of samples as a function of the square root of immersion time into different types of liquids under study. The solid line in the same figures shows the sigmoidal fitting for the experiments data assuming Fickian diffusion [8,11,12]. The absorption curves display a pronounced linear region extending up to about 60% of the total absorption range and then are concave to the abscissa above the linear portion, these results agree with previous studies [13].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

The Diffusion Coefficients of Different Types of Liquid Environments Into Binary Polymer Blend

Hameed

Helal

2013

JNUS

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In this study, unsaturated polyester resin (UPE) and Natural rubber (NR) were used to prepared binary polymer blend (UPE/ NR) with weight ratio (95/5) %. The present paper investigates the diffusion behavior of three environmental groups , the first group is different types of water included (distilled water, tap water, rain water), the second is diluted solutions with same concentration (HCl , H2SO4, NaCl) and the third is solvents (ethanol, kerosene, benzene) and study their effects through (UPE/NR) polymer blend. Consequently, a set of specimens were immersed in various types of water, solutions and solvents for different periods of time. The diffusion coefficients (Dx) of these liquids were calculated based on Fick's law. The results of a series of experimental investigations showed that the values of (Dx) of all liquids are in the range (3.95-9.1 *10 -12 m 2 /s) except benzene which behaves another behavior called (non-Fickian diffusion) through the same time of immersion.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

The Diffusion Coefficients of Different Types of Liquid Environments Into Binary Polymer Blend

Hameed

Helal

2013

JNUS

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“…The lack of consistence of the Carter and Kibler model can be explained regarding that the boundary conditions stablished by Equation 13 were not satisfied -i.e., the values obtained to both a and b are greater than To verify the results listed at Table 2 for V d , the graphical methodology described at the work of Jacobs and Jones [21,22] was also used. The complete description of the graphical approach can be found at the works of Jacobs and Jones [21,22] , and is not reproduced here for the sake of shortness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nominal diffusion coefficient, D x , can be calculated from the initial slope of the absorption curve (m x ) at region I using the following equation [21] : Figure 1. Schematic water absorption curve for resins showing a two phase structure.…”

Section: Jacobs-jones Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This region is associated to diffusion of water at both phases -i.e., at the dense and at the less dense macromolecular structure. At region II, diffusion occurs more slowly, and the water uptake is attributed only to diffusion at the dense phase, since saturation has already occurred at the less crosslinked phase [21] . To model the behavior of this two-phase polymer, the equation developed by Jacobs and Jones assumed that diffusion is governed by a Fickian behavior at both phases [21,22] .…”

Section: Jacobs-jones Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models take new assumptions such as water molecules acting both as a bound and unbound phase [18][19][20] . or considering that polymers can have phases with different macromolecular structures (for example, regions heavily crosslinked and regions with light crosslinking) [21,22] . Some of these models also include a term considering that stress relaxation can occur due to swelling after water uptake [23,24] .…”

Section: Non-fickian Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the hardener to epoxy monomer ratio on the water absorption behavior of the DGEBA/TETA epoxy system

Pereira

d’Almeida

2016

Polímeros

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SbstractThe water absorption behavior of the DGEBA/TETA epoxy system was evaluated as a function of the epoxy monomer to amine hardener ratio. Weight gain versus immersion time curves were obtained and the experimental points were fitted using Fickian and Non-Fickian diffusion models. The results obtained showed that for all epoxy monomer to hardener ratios analyzed water diffusion followed non-Fickian behavior. It was possible to correlate the water absorption behavior to the macromolecular structure developed when the epoxy/ hardener ratio was varied. All epoxy/hardener ratios present a two-phase macromolecular structure, composed of regions with high crosslink density and regions with lower crosslinking. Epoxy rich systems have a more open macromolecular structure with a lower fraction of the dense phase than the amine rich systems, which present a more compact two-phase structure.

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Water sorption and diffusion studies in an epoxy resin system

Maggana

Pissis

1999

J. Polym. Sci. B Polym. Phys.

214

112

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The kinetics of water absorption in epoxide materials was studied by the aid of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A–triethylenetetramine (DGEBA–TETA) epoxy–resin system containing various amounts of the plasticizer THIOCOL (0–40 phr). The presence of plasticizer permits the formation of products with different crosslinking densities and hydrophilic characters. Dynamic water absorption experiments were carried out at 15, 40, and 70°C. For the fitting of the experimental results, a new model was used, based on a model proposed earlier by Jacobs and Jones. This model considers epoxide product as a two‐phase system consisting of a master phase (where the major part of the water is absorbed), which is homogeneous and nonpolar (phase 1), and of a second phase with different density and/or hydrophilic character (phase 2). By making the assumption that water diffusion can take place independently in the different phases of the material in accordance with Fick's second law, we can calculate the diffusion coefficient D and the water content at saturation M∞ for each phase separately. Equilibrium water sorption measurements were performed at 40°C, and the data were analyzed and discussed based on the Guggenheim–Anderson–de Boer (GAB) equation, the results being in support of the two‐phase model used in the analysis of absorption kinetics. The linear expansion coefficient and the glass transition temperature of the materials, employed in the discussion of the results, were measured by thermomechanical analysis. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 1165–1182, 1999

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Diffusion of moisture into two-phase polymers

Cited by 44 publications

References 11 publications

The Diffusion Coefficients of Different Types of Liquid Environments Into Binary Polymer Blend

The Diffusion Coefficients of Different Types of Liquid Environments Into Binary Polymer Blend

Effect of the hardener to epoxy monomer ratio on the water absorption behavior of the DGEBA/TETA epoxy system

Water sorption and diffusion studies in an epoxy resin system

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