Diffusion of multiwall carbon nanotubes through a high-density polyethylene geomembrane

Saheli, Pooneh T.; Rowe, R. Kerry; Petersen, Elijah J.; O'Carroll, D. M.

doi:10.1680/jgein.16.00025

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…For example, elemental techniques based on measuring carbon to quantify CNMs (e.g., total organic carbon analysis or thermal optical transmittance) will have a lowest achievable detection limit at the concentration for detecting total carbon. 63, 79,152–154 A similar relationship exists for techniques based on elemental concentration measurements of metal-based ENMs (e.g., ICP-MS). An exception is spICP-MS, which can detect individual ENMs as a result of the substantially shorter dwell times (50 μs to 10 ms) compared to total elemental analysis (approximately 300 ms).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Detection Limits For Different Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

Petersen

Mortimer

Burgess

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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One of the key components for environmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is data on bioaccumulation potential. Accurately measuring bioaccumulation can be critical for regulatory decision making regarding material hazard and risk, and for understanding the mechanism of toxicity. This perspective provides expert guidance for performing ENM bioaccumulation measurements across a broad range of test organisms and species. To accomplish this aim, we critically evaluated ENM bioaccumulation within three categories of organisms: single-celled species, multicellular species excluding plants, and multicellular plants. For aqueous exposures of suspended single-celled and small multicellular species, it is critical to perform a robust procedure to separate suspended ENMs and small organisms to avoid overestimating bioaccumulation. For many multicellular organisms, it is essential to differentiate between the ENMs adsorbed to external surfaces or in the digestive tract and the amount absorbed across epithelial tissues. For multicellular plants, key considerations include how exposure route and the role of the rhizosphere may affect the quantitative measurement of uptake, and that the efficiency of washing procedures to remove loosely attached ENMs to the roots is not well understood. Within each organism category, case studies are provided to illustrate key methodological considerations for conducting robust bioaccumulation experiments for different species within each major group. The full scope of ENM bioaccumulation measurements and interpretations are discussed including conducting the organism exposure, separating organisms from the ENMs in the test media after exposure, analytical methods to quantify ENMs in the tissues or cells, and modeling the ENM bioaccumulation results. One key finding to improve bioaccumulation measurements was the critical need for further analytical method development to identify and quantify ENMs in complex matrices. Overall, the discussion, suggestions, and case studies described herein will help improve the robustness of ENM bioaccumulation studies.

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Section: Evaluation Of Detection Limits For Different Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

Petersen

Mortimer

Burgess

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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“…-15 m 2 /s (Saheli et al 2017). In addition to these laboratory-scale tests, Saheli et al (2017) modelled different scenarios with HDPE geomembranes and geosynthetic clay liners and concluded that such technical barriers are effective for MWCNTs. However, it should be noted that worldwide there are many open landfills and dumps without any engineered barrier.…”

Section: Potential Nanoemissions From Landfill Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the fate of engineered nanomaterials in municipal solid waste streams

et al. 2018

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Significant knowledge and data gaps associated with the fate of product-embedded engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in waste management processes exist that limit our current ability to develop appropriate end-of-life management strategies. This review paper was developed as part of the activities of the IWWG ENMs in Waste Task Group. The specific objectives of this review paper are to assess the current knowledge associated with the fate of ENMs in commonly used waste management processes, including key processes and mechanisms associated with ENM fate and transport in each waste management process, and to use that information to identify the data gaps and research needs in this area. Literature associated with the fate of ENMs in wastes was reviewed and summarized. Overall, results from this literature review indicate a need for continued research in this area. No work has been conducted to quantify ENMs present in discarded materials and an understanding of ENM release from consumer products under conditions representative of those found in relevant waste management process is needed. Results also indicate that significant knowledge gaps associated with ENM behaviour exist for each waste management process investigated. There is a need for additional research investigating the fate of different types of ENMs at larger concentration ranges with different surface chemistries. Understanding how changes in treatment process operation may influence ENM fate is also needed. A series of specific research questions associated with the fate of ENMs during the management of ENM-containing wastes have been identified and used to direct future research in this area.

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“…Mcwatters et al [ 7 ] further showed that the breakthrough time of organic chemical transport through a GM was only 24 h, and the pollutant flux reached a steady state after approximately one week. In contrast, Saheli et al [ 8 ] showed that inorganic pollutants cannot diffuse through the GM. Therefore, the diffusion of organic pollutants through GM is the focus of most studies.…”

Section: Diffusion Of Pollutants Through Gm/gcl/almentioning

confidence: 97%

Review of the Anti-Pollution Performance of Triple-Layer GM/GCL/AL Composite Liners

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Membranes

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Landfill leachates contain several types of pollutants and complex components, which pollute soils and groundwater. To compensate for the limitations of single-layer and double-layer liners, a triple-layer liner system composed of a geomembrane (GM), geosynthetic clay liner (GCL), and attenuation layer (AL) was invented and widely used in landfill anti-pollution systems. In this paper, the available literature on triple-layer GM/GCL/AL composite liners is summarized. First, the four main transport processes of pollutants through the composite liner, including convection, diffusion, adsorption, and degradation, were analyzed, and the anti-pollution performances were evaluated. According to this, the pollutant transport model considering the transport activity and transport state was classified, and the solution methods were summarized. Finally, the breakthrough time expressions of the composite liners were determined, which provided a base for evaluating their long-term performance and predicting the service life. The purpose of this literature review is to scientifically evaluate the anti-pollution performance of GM/GCL/AL and provide a scientific base and theoretical guidance for extending its application.

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Diffusion of multiwall carbon nanotubes through a high-density polyethylene geomembrane

Cited by 20 publications

References 69 publications

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

Strategies for robust and accurate experimental approaches to quantify nanomaterial bioaccumulation across a broad range of organisms

A review of the fate of engineered nanomaterials in municipal solid waste streams

Review of the Anti-Pollution Performance of Triple-Layer GM/GCL/AL Composite Liners

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