Diffusion of oxygen in silver

Baird, James K.; King, Thomas; Stein, Charles

doi:10.1016/s0022-3697(99)00019-0

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…24) Note that it has been previously pointed out that the oxygen solute atoms in Ag cause changes in the lattice constant. 25,26) Since the lattice constant of the Ag nanoparticles measured by XRD agrees with the reported value, it is concluded that the amount of solute oxygen in the nanoparticles was negligibly small. In addition, the WDS analysis results show that the oxygen content in the Ag nanoparticles was below the detection limit (100 ppm), and no Ag oxides were found by FE-SEM.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles by Arc Plasma Method and Their Properties

et al. 2019

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Ag nanoparticles were prepared by the arc plasma method under various conditions. The particle properties, such as size, size distribution, shape, and purity, were investigated. It was revealed that the average size of the Ag nanoparticles decreased with increasing arc current during the application of the arc plasma method. Moreover, the crystallite size measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD) was smaller than the average particle size, regardless of the arc current. Thus, it was concluded that the Ag nanoparticles prepared by this method are polycrystalline particles. No Ag oxides were observed in the nanoparticles by either field emission scanning electron microscopy observations or XRD analysis. Moreover, the solid solution of oxygen in Ag was not detected by XRD or wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometry analysis.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles by Arc Plasma Method and Their Properties

et al. 2019

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“…20 Furthermore, incorporation of active metal as the fourth component will be a promising modification to enhance the redox activity of the catalysts effectively. In the present study, therefore, we have also prepared a silver-supported Ce 0.64 -Zr 0.16 Bi 0.20 O 1.90 /γ-Al 2 O 3 catalyst, and the redox properties have been characterized using temperature programmed reduction and oxygen uptake measurements because silver is a well-known oxygen permeable component 21 ) was prepared by the wet impregnation of an aqueous solution containing cerium, zirconium, and bismuth citrate complexes on the La-stabilized γ-Al 2 O 3 support prepared as stated previously (BET surface area of 88.4 m 2 g -1 ). An aqueous 1.0 mol dm -3 solution of citric acid (6.0 cm 3 ) was added to a mixture of aqueous 0.1 mol dm -3 solutions of Ce(NO 3 ) 3 (18 cm 3 ), ZrO-(NO 3 ) 2 (4.5 cm 3 ), Bi(NO 3 ) 3 (5.7 cm 3 ), and the γ-Al 2 O 3 support (2 g).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Redox Activity of Ce_0.64Zr_0.16Bi_0.20O_1.90/γ-Al₂O₃ and Ag/Ce_0.64Zr_0.16Bi_0.20O_1.90/γ-Al₂O₃ Catalysts

et al. 2007

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A Ce 0.64 Zr 0.16 Bi 0.20 O 1.90 solid solution supported on La-stabilized γ-alumina was prepared by an impregnation method using citrate aqueous solutions. The low-temperature redox activity was demonstrated by the Ce 0.64 -Zr 0.16 Bi 0.20 O 1.90 /Al 2 O 3 catalyst, which is effective at low temperatures below 100°C even after calcination at 1000°C. Furthermore, the redox activity of the catalyst was promoted by the addition of silver, which is an oxygen permeable component. Partial dissolution of silver ions into the Ce 0.64 Zr 0.16 Bi 0.20 O 1.90 lattice and the surface deposition of metallic silver were observed for the Ag/Ce 0.64 Zr 0.16 Bi 0.20 O 1.90 /Al 2 O 3 catalyst. By detailed characterization of Ag-supported catalysts using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the reason for the promotion of the redox activity was attributed to both the increase in the defect oxygen species in the near-surface region and the oxygen withdrawal behavior from silver to Ce 0.64 Zr 0.16 Bi 0.20 O 1.90 /Al 2 O 3 .

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“…In addition, liquid silver has high oxygen solubility, diffusivity [48], and also wets the YSZ membrane. All these factors make liquid silver more appropriate as an inert anode, compared with a much less conductive porous cermet composed of a stabilized zirconia and an electronic oxide stable under an oxygen environment [e.g., strontiumdoped lanthanum manganite (LSM), and lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSCF)] [46] Non-consumable liquid Ag is therefore selected as the inert anode material for SOM experiments conducted in the temperature range of 1273-1573 K. In some special cases where SOM electrolysis is needed to be performed at temperatures below the melting point of liquid Ag, the porous cermet composed of zirconia and LSM (or LSCF) can still be used as the inert anode.…”

Section: Anode Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Clean Metals Production by Solid Oxide Membrane Electrolysis Process

Guan

Pal

Jiang

et al. 2016

J. Sustain. Metall.

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This paper reviews a clean metals, production technology that utilizes an oxygen-ion-conducting solid oxide membrane (SOM) to directly electrolyze metal oxides dissolved in a non-consumable molten salts. During the SOM electrolysis process, the desired metal such as magnesium, aluminum, silicon, or a rare earth is produced at the cathode while pure oxygen gas evolves at the anode. Compared with current state-of-the-art metal production processes, such as a chloride-based electrolysis process for magnesium production and the Hall-Héroult process for smelting aluminum, the SOM process brings various advantages such as simplified design, lower cost, lower energy use, and zero emissions. It provides a general route for producing various metals and has great potential to replace current metals, production processes. This paper examines the past and present progress of the SOM process, the challenges faced in commercialization, and the directions for future work.

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Diffusion of oxygen in silver

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles by Arc Plasma Method and Their Properties

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles by Arc Plasma Method and Their Properties

Low-Temperature Redox Activity of Ce_0.64Zr_0.16Bi_0.20O_1.90/γ-Al₂O₃ and Ag/Ce_0.64Zr_0.16Bi_0.20O_1.90/γ-Al₂O₃ Catalysts

Clean Metals Production by Solid Oxide Membrane Electrolysis Process

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Diffusion of oxygen in silver

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles by Arc Plasma Method and Their Properties

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles by Arc Plasma Method and Their Properties

Low-Temperature Redox Activity of Ce0.64Zr0.16Bi0.20O1.90/γ-Al2O3 and Ag/Ce0.64Zr0.16Bi0.20O1.90/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts

Clean Metals Production by Solid Oxide Membrane Electrolysis Process

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Low-Temperature Redox Activity of Ce_0.64Zr_0.16Bi_0.20O_1.90/γ-Al₂O₃ and Ag/Ce_0.64Zr_0.16Bi_0.20O_1.90/γ-Al₂O₃ Catalysts