Diffusion of tebuconazole into softwood under ambient conditions and its distribution in freshly treated and aged wood

Kukowski, Klara; Martinská, Veronika; Krishnamoorthy, Gautham; Kubátová, Alena; Kozliak, Evguenii

doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.06.097

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…longitudinal direction mediated its large deposition in the first 0.2 cm from the end grain. 25 As shown above the exposure to low and high humidity did not seem to impact the sorbed TAZ, while exposure to simulated rain led to a sizable TAZ depletion from end grain surfaces. The less pronounced TAZ loss from part A (compared to D) was due to the water application, where only the transversal surface was exposed to the simulated rain (the end-grain side remained untouched), which was not sufficient to cause TAZ leaching.…”

Section: Taz Distribution and Recoveries From Wood End Grain And Middmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The repeatability of such wood treatment was previously shown to be high, especially for dipping times exceeding 0.5 min. 25 Wood was then placed on wooden skewers and dried in a hood for 24 hours. Half of the samples were directly placed into the chambers while the other half were coated on all sides using a foam brush with one layer of the primer and two layers of paint, where each coating was followed by drying for 24 hours before the next layer was applied.…”

Section: Wood Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The extent of tebuconazole leaching from unpainted and painted softwood

Kukowski

Hatton

Kozliak

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Exposure to water and high air humidity may affect the preservation of wood products as many preservatives are water-soluble and thus likely to leach. In this study, depletion of a common fungicide, tebuconazole (TAZ), from treated wood was investigated using a C-labeled tracer. The wood species and treatment technique were chosen to be representative of products such as windows and doors; specifically, ponderosa pine was dip treated with a solvent-based, metal-free formulation. The impact of different aqueous settings including high air humidity, and either simulated continuous or intermittent rain was evaluated over a period of two months. Along with the exposure type, the effect of end-grain sealing on TAZ loss was explored. Despite the exposure of treated wood to laboratory-simulated harsh environmental conditions, more than 60% of the originally sorbed TAZ remained in the wood under all scenarios. While high air humidity did not lead to TAZ depletion, simulated continuous rain led to a TAZ leaching mainly from the end grain. TAZ leaching was found to be higher for unpainted wood, where up to 40% of the originally sorbed TAZ was prone to depletion from an end grain. End-grain sealing with water-based primer and paint led to a substantial two-fold reduction of TAZ leaching. Unexpectedly, wood exposure to intermittent rain caused additional TAZ loss that could not be explained only by water leaching.

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Section: Taz Distribution and Recoveries From Wood End Grain And Middmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Wood Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The extent of tebuconazole leaching from unpainted and painted softwood

Kukowski

Hatton

Kozliak

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

Self Cite

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“…Permethrin, tolylfluanid, dichlofluanid or quaternary ammonium compounds have been widespread used since the 1980s to protect wood materials as well as azole fungicides (Kupper et al 2005). In order to broaden their spectrum of activity, they can be applied as a mixture with ESPR, DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06608-7 5/45 other organic or inorganic biocides, such as IPBC (Kukowski et al 2016), copper or boron (Tiruta-Barna and Schiopu 2011; Lupsea et al 2013). For example, tecubonazole and propiconazole are often used together because of their synergic effect.…”

Section: Treatment Of Wooden Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocide emissions from building materials during wet weather: identification of substances, mechanism of release and transfer to the aquatic environment

Paijens

Bressy

Frère

et al. 2019

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Biocides are added to or applied on building materials to prevent microorganisms from growing on their surface or to treat them. They are leached into building runoff and contribute to diffuse contamination of receiving waters. This review aimed at summarizing the current state of knowledge concerning the impact of biocides from buildings on the aquatic environment. The objectives were (i) to assess the key parameters influencing the leaching of biocides and to quantify their emission from buildings; (ii) to determine the different pathways from urban sources into receiving waters; and (iii) to assess the associated environmental risk. Based on consumption data and leaching studies, a list of substances to monitor in receiving water was established. Literature review of their concentrations in the urban water cycle showed evidences of contamination and risk for aquatic life, which should put them into consideration for inclusion to European or international monitoring programs. However, some biocide concentration data in urban and receiving waters is still missing to fully assess their environmental risk, especially for isothiazolinones, iodopropynyl carbamate, zinc pyrithione and quaternary ammonium compounds, and little is known about their transformation products. Although some models supported by actual data were developed to extrapolate emissions on larger scales (watershed or city scales), they are not sufficient to prioritize the pathways of biocides from urban sources into receiving waters during both dry and wet weathers. Our review highlights the need to reduce emissions and limit their transfer into rivers, and reports several solutions to address these issues.

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Diffusion of tebuconazole into softwood under ambient conditions and its distribution in freshly treated and aged wood

Cited by 2 publications

References 29 publications

The extent of tebuconazole leaching from unpainted and painted softwood

The extent of tebuconazole leaching from unpainted and painted softwood

Biocide emissions from building materials during wet weather: identification of substances, mechanism of release and transfer to the aquatic environment

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